Topic 8: Membranes

Question 1

what are the four membrane types?

Answer 1

-mucous membranes
-serous membranes
-synovial membranes
-cutaneous membranes

Question 2

what is the purpose of mucous membranes?

Answer 2

-lines the cavities of organs that open directly to the exterior of the body

Question 3

what systems contain mucous membranes?

Answer 3

-digestive
-respiratory
-urinary
-reproductive
-called “the mucosa of the __________________ system”

Question 4

what is the composition of mucous membranes?

Answer 4

-epithelial layer in contact with the organs lumen
-epithelium typically has many goblet cells
-loose areolar CT layer connecting the epithelium to the wall of the organ

Question 5

what is the CT layer of mucous membranes called?

Answer 5

-lamina propria

Question 6

what is the purpose of the CT layer in mucous membranes?

Answer 6

-to nourish epithelial cells (diffuses nutrients)
-provides support and connection

Question 7

what is the purpose of serous membranes?

Answer 7

-lines closed cavities that do not open to the bodies exterior
-covers the external surfaces of organs within these cavities

Question 8

what type of membranes are serous membranes?

Answer 8

-double membranes (2 layers)
-each layer has a simple epithelium layer connected to loose areolar CT

Question 9

what are the 2 layers of serous membranes?

Answer 9

-outer parietal layer (against the cavity wall)
-inner visceral layer (against the organ)

Question 10

what is between layers in serous membranes? what does the epithelium secrete into this?

Answer 10

-serous cavity
-secrete serous fluid (increases lubrication to decrease friction)

Question 11

how are serous membranes named?

Answer 11

-named for location
-ex: pleura = lung (parietal pleura + visceral pleura)

-ex: peritoneum = abdominal organs (parietal peritoneum + visceral peritoneum)

-ex: pericardium = heart (parietal pericardium + visceral pericardium)

Question 12

where are synovial membranes located?

Answer 12

-in joints

Question 13

what makes synovial membranes different?

Answer 13

-composed of ONE tissue type
-no epithelium
-not considered an organ

Question 14

what are synovial membranes composed of?

Answer 14

-loose areolar CT

Question 15

where are cutaneous membranes located?

Answer 15

-in the skin

Question 16

what are cutaneous membranes composed of?

Answer 16

-epithelium (stratified squamous named the epidermis)
-CT (areolar and dense irregular named the dermis)

Question 17

what is the dorsal cavity?

Answer 17

-enclosed space containing/protecting the cranial cavity + vertebral cavity
-brain + spinal cord

Question 18

what is the ventral cavity?

Answer 18

-enclosed space containing/protecting the thoracic cavity + abdominal cavity + pelvic cavity

Question 19

what is contained within the thoracic cavity?

Answer 19

-pericardial cavity (heart)
-pleural cavity (lungs)

Question 20

what is contained within the abdominal cavity?

Answer 20

-digestive organs

Question 21

what is contained within the pelvic cavity?

Answer 21

-urinary bladder
-reproductive organs
-rectum

Question 22

what is the determining factor of an organ?

Answer 22

-organs have 2 or more tissue types
-many contain all 4 types

Question 23

what does a membrane generally contain? what is the purpose of a membrane?

Answer 23

-1 or 2 tissue types
-a connective tissue layer with or without an epithelial layer
-line inner and outer surfaces of the body and its organs

Question 24

what are examples of cavities containing serous membranes?

Answer 24

-abdominal cavity
-thoracic cavity