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AP Biology > Topic 7.1 - Introduction to Natural Selection > Flashcards

Topic 7.1 - Introduction to Natural Selection Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what drives evolution?

A

natural selection

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2
Q

what is evolution?

A

the change in genetic makeup of a population over time

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3
Q

is evolution supported?

A

it is supported by multiple lines of evidence

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4
Q

what is natural selection?

A

the process by which organisms have a greater chance of survival and reproduction

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5
Q

who is credited with developing the theory of natural selection?

A

Charles Darwin

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6
Q

what are the conditions for evolution by natural selection (4)?

A

> competition for limited resources
favourable phenotypes
evolutionary fitness
ecosystem stability

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7
Q

what is competition?

A

when organisms struggle with other organisms for limited resources?

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8
Q

do all organisms have equal chances for survival?

A

no

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9
Q

what determines how competitive an organism is?

A

differences in phenotype

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10
Q

what will organisms compete for?

A

resources like space, food, mates, nutrients, light

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11
Q

what can phenotypic differences lead to?

A

differential survival

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12
Q

what is variation?

A

genetic differences among organisms within a population

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13
Q

what increases variation within populations?

A

mutations and sexual reproduction

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14
Q

what are adaptations?

A

traits that provide an advantage in a particular environment

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15
Q

what organisms have a greater chance of survival and adaptation?

A

individuals with adaptations

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16
Q

what happens to the number of individuals within a population with adaptations?

A

the number having adaptations increases overtime

17
Q

what is fitness?

A

the ability of an organism to survive and produce FERTILE offspring

18
Q

what is reproductive success?

A

the production of offspring

19
Q

what is heritability?

A

the ability to pass on adaptations to successive generations

20
Q

what contributes to evolutionary fitness?

A

reproductive success and the heritability of adaptations

21
Q

can biotic/abiotic environments remain stable?

A

more or less

22
Q

where are populations less likely to evolve?

A

in environments that remain stable over long periods of time

23
Q

when is the rate of evolution faster?

A

when the environment is more unstable

AP Biology (12 decks)

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