Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOLOGY > Topic 2.8 - Tonicity and Osmoregulation 𖦹⋆｡°✩ > Flashcards

Topic 2.8 - Tonicity and Osmoregulation 𖦹⋆｡°✩ Flashcards

1
Q

how does water move

A

by osmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is osmosis

A

the diffusion of free water across a selectively permeable membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how do large quantities of water move

A

via aquaporins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is osmolarity

A

the total solute concentration in a solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

does water have high solvency abilities

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the difference between solutes and solvents

A

༻ a solute is the substance being dissolved
༻ a solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is a solution

A

a uniformed mixture of one more more solutes dissolved in a solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

solvent + solute = ?

A

solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is tonicity

A

the measurement of the relative concentrations of solute between 2 solutions (inside and outside of the cell)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does tonicity affect

A

a cell’s physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

internal cellular environments can be ____, ____, or ____ to external environments

A

hypotonic (1) , hypertonic (2) , isotonic (3)

༻ (1) less solute, more solvent
༻ (2) more solute, less solvent
༻ (3) equal concentrations of solute and solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where does water move by osmosis

A

water moves by osmosis into the area with a higher solute concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the relationship between water and solute concentrations

A

they are inversely related

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how does water move in terms of tonicity

A

water diffuses out of a hypotonic environment into a hypertonic environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how do solutes diffuse

A

along their own concentration gradients, from the hypertonic environment to the hypotonic environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what happens when a cell is in an isotonic environment

A

a dynamic equilibrium exists with equal amounts of water moving in and out of the cell at equal rates. no net movement of water takes places

17
Q

what happens in some plant cells

A

osmoregulation maintains water balance and allows control of internal solute composition/water potential

18
Q

what is environmental hypertonicity

A

less cellular solute and more cellular water

19
Q

what is an isotonic solution

A

༻ equal solute and water
༻ flaccid

20
Q

what is environmental hypotonicity

A

༻ more cellular solute and less cellular water
༻ turgid

21
Q

how do osmoregulatory mechanisms contribute to survival

A

the cell wall helps maintain homeostasis for the plant in environmental hypotonicity

22
Q

when is osmotic pressure high outside of the plant cell

A

osmotic pressure high outside of the plant cell due to environmental hypotonicity

23
Q

what happens when water flows into the plant vacuoles via osmosis

A

the vacuoles expand and press against the cell wall. the cell wall expands until it begins to exert pressure back on the wall

24
Q

what is it called when the cell wall expands until it exerts pressure back on the cell

A

turgor pressure

25
Q

what is the optimum state for plant cells

A

turgidity

26
Q

how does osmoregulation impact animal cells

A

maintains water balance and allows control of internal solute composition/water potential

27
Q

what is environmental hypertonicity called in animal cells

A

shriveled

28
Q

what is an isotonic solution called in animal cells

A

normal

29
Q

what is environmental hypotonicity called in animal cells

A

lysed

30
Q

✩REVIEW LAST QUESTIONS FROM VIDEO LESSON✩

A
31
Q

what does water potential measure and how is it calculated

A

the tendency of water to move by osmosis. it is calculated from pressure potential and solute potential

32
Q

what happens the more negative the water potential is

A

the more negative the water potential, the more likely water will move into the area

33
Q

when does water potential have a value of 0

A

water potential of pure water has a value of 0 in an open container

34
Q

what does osmoregulation allow organisms to control

A

༻ their internal solute composition
༻ water potential

35
Q

what will increasing the amount of solute in water cause

A

༻ an increase in solute potential
༻ a decrease in water potential

36
Q

what does increasing water potential cause

A

༻ an increase in pressure potential

37
Q

what does decreasing pressure potential will cause

A

༻ a decrease in water potential

38
Q

when does water potential equal the solute potential

A

in an open system (memorize formulae)

39
Q

what does the addition of solutes do to the solute potential

A

the addition of solutes is equal to a more negative solute potential

BIOLOGY (55 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions