Topic 7- Membranes (1) Flashcards
Gram positive Bacteria have how many membranes?
One
XX : Y n-y
n-y denotes what?
XX denotes what?
Y denotes what?
Position of first double bond from methyl terminus
Number of carbons
Number of double bonds
Trans bonds are what?
What does it not affect?
Unsaturated bonds
Doesnt affect structure as straight
the sn-1 FA is typically what?
Saturated
the sn-2 FA is typically what?
Unsaturated
PG + Cardiolipins FA can be found where?
Mitochondria
Which 4 FA have negative charge?
PS / PI / PG / CL
Phosphatidylinositol (PIP) has phosphorylation of what 3 groups?
3/4/5
What is the most abundant FA in PM specifically the inner leaflet?
PI(4,5)P2
Sphingomyelin is most common with what FC headgroup
PC
With spingolipids, the Amide group can form what?
what 2 things can it also interact with?
H bonds
Cholesterol + Polar groups from proteins
the Acyl group on spingolipids is attached via what?
Amide linkage
what is found on the head of a glycolipid?
Oligosaccharides
Name 2 roles for glycolipids
cell-cell adhesion
Recognition sites for certain chemicals
Basic Structure of sterols (2)
Hydroyxl group + Hydrocarbon tail
Ergosterol can be found where?
Yeast + Fungi
Negative curvature leads to what in bilayer? (2)
Disrupting properties
Generates Fusion - Generation of non-bilayer membrane intermediates
PC and SM lipids are found where?
Outer leaflet of PM
PS + PE lipids are found where?
Inner leaflet of PM
PS translocates to extracellular monolayer when under going cell death via what?
Scramblases
PS acts as what?
signal for digestion
if lipid movement is rotational, what does this lead to?
Doesnt affect position but does affect interaction with neighbor cells
If lipid movement is lateral, what does this lead to?
Neighbouring lipids exchange places
Transverse Lipid movement is mediated by what? How does it move?
Mediated by proteins
Diffusion / translocations
P type flippases move what / how?
Inward movement of lipids
ABC proteins mediate what?
Movement of lipids Outward
What type of lipid is found to be different in lung cancer between normal and cancerous tissue?
Glycerophospholipids
What lipid species is higher in tumour samples?
Which is decreased?
PI higher
SM decreased
What 4 lipids are increased in breast cancer?
PI / PE / PC / SM
What is increased in Type 2 diabetes?
Ceramide
what 3 phases are associated with the Lamellar phase?
Lamellar liquid crystalline
Solid gel
Liquid ordered
in the liquid crystalline phase, what has unsaturated tails and not packed well?
Glycerophospholipids
In the solid phase, what have long saturated tails and packed more tightly?
Sphingolipids
Liquid ordered phase contains what?
Cholesterol with lipid saturated tail
Rafts are in what phase?
Description of membrane
liquid ordered phase
thick
What sort of monolayer do lipid droplets have?
Phospholipid monolayer
Where do lipid droplets derive from?
Endoplasmic reticulum
Neutral lipids results from what?
Esterification of FA to triaclyglycerol
