Topic 4 (enzyme health)

Question 1

Enzymes involved in diagnostic markers (liver)

Answer 1

ALT / AST

Question 2

Enzymes involved in diagnosis tests (glucose)

Answer 2

GDH / GOX

Question 3

What do enzymes DONT do

Answer 3

Doesnt shift position of equilibrium

Question 4

Rate of reaction is based off what?

Answer 4

Determined by height of activation barrier

Question 5

How does Enzymes decrease activation energy (3)

Answer 5

Provides catalytically competent groups for specific reaction

Binds substrate so its optimised for reaction

Binds/stabilises transition state of reaction

Question 6

At active site, what is the mechanism of binding

Answer 6

Binds to substrate w/multiple weak interactions

Provides substrate specificity

Question 7

Michaelis constant equation:

Answer 7

km = K2 + K3
- - - - - -
K1

Question 8

Formation of product (V) equation:

Answer 8

V = S
- - - - - - - -
S + Km

Question 9

Factors affecting reaction rates (5)

Answer 9

Substrate concentration
Enzyme concentration
pH
Temperature 
Inhibitors

Question 10

What type of inhibition binds to side chains AA at active site leading to covalent modification of enzyme

Answer 10

Irreversible Inhibition

Question 11

Name a drug that leads to carboxymethylation of cysteine chains

Answer 11

Iodoacetamide

Question 12

What drug alters serine residues of AChE

Answer 12

Nerve Agents

Question 13

With enzyme kinetics, what happens to V(max) and Km in irreversible inhibition?

Answer 13

Km + Vmax Decrease

Question 14

What type of inhibition can be overcome by high substrate concentration?

Answer 14

Competitive Inhibition

Question 15

Competitive inhibition enzyme kinetics?

Answer 15

Vmax Unchanged

Km Increased

Question 16

What type of inhibition binds to an independent site of enzyme not Active site?

Answer 16

Non competitive

Question 17

Enzyme kinetics of non competitive

Answer 17

Vmax decreased

Km unchanged

Question 18

Methotrexate + Dihydrofolate Reductase reaction is what sort of inhibition?

Answer 18

Competitive Irreversible Reaction

Question 19

Non steroidal anti inflammation prevents creation of what?

Answer 19

Prostaglandins

Question 20

Aspirin modifies what?

What sort of inhibition is this?

What enzyme does it bind?

Answer 20

Serine residues via covalent bond

Competitive irreversible inhibition

COX-1

Question 21

Ibuprofen is what sort of reaction?

What enzyme does it bind?

Answer 21

Competitive reversible inhibition

COX-1 + COX-2