Topic 4 (enzymes Intro)

Question 1

Zn(2+) can be found in which enzyme?

What does it do

Answer 1

Carbonic Anhydrase

Activates it for reaction with CO2

Question 2

Mg(2+) can be found in what type of enzymes

Answer 2

Kinases

Question 3

Ca(2+) can be found as a regulatory enzyme. What enzyme?

Answer 3

Calpain

Question 4

Riboflavin (B2) coenzyme and deficiency disease

Answer 4

FAD/FMN

Ariboflavinosis

Question 5

Niacin conenzyme and Deficiency disease

Answer 5

NAD+/NADP+

Pellagra

Question 6

Thaiamine (B1) enzyme and deficiency

Answer 6

Thiamine Pyrophosphate

Beriberi

Question 7

Vit C enzyme and deficiency

Answer 7

Hydroxylases

Scurvy

Question 8

Folic Acid enzyme and deficiency

Answer 8

Tetrahydrofolate

Folate Def.anaemia

Question 9

Pyridoxal (B6) enzyme and deficiency

Answer 9

Microcytic anaemia

Question 10

G6PDH is caused by what?

Function?

Answer 10

X-linked recessive mutation

Produces NADHP biosynthesis for nucleic acids/lipids

Question 11

Symptoms of G6PDH (2)

Answer 11

Haemolytic crisis

Jaundice

Question 12

What can trigger G6PDH

Answer 12

Foods / infection / drugs

Question 13

30% glucose oxidation goes through what?

Answer 13

Pentose Phosphate Pathway in Liver

Question 14

High …. activates G6PDH

Answer 14

NADP+

Question 15

What type of anaemia can arrise from G6PDH deficiency

Answer 15

Primaquine-induced haemolytic anaemia

Question 16

Thiopurine Methyl Transferase (NOT FINISHED CARD)

Answer 16

NOT FINISHED

Question 17

What is A1-antitrypsin role

Answer 17

Prevents proteases attacking tissue

Question 18

What is pancreatic trypsin inhibitor role

Answer 18

Controls activity of digestive enzyme

Question 19

Antithrombin 3 role

Answer 19

Switches off blood clotting system

Question 20

A1-antitrypsin // Antithrombin 3 // pancreatic trypsin inhibitor are all what type of proteases?

Answer 20

Serine Protease Inhibitors

Question 21

What type of enzyme phosphorylate other enzymes

Answer 21

Protein Kinases

Question 22

Where is the phosphate taking from in phosphorylation

Answer 22

Y-Phosphate from ATP

Question 23

What is a zymogen?

Answer 23

Inactivated proteolytic enzyme

Question 24

How is a zymogen activated?

Answer 24

Irreversible removal of part of peptide chain

Question 25

Why does cleaving of peptide chain in zymogens done?

Answer 25

Prevent premature activation of enzymes in wrong place/ time

Question 26

What type of protein is chymotrypsin?

Answer 26

Serine Protease

Question 27

Structure of chymotrypsin

Answer 27

3 polypeptide chain - linked by disulphide chains

Question 28

name the 3 stages of a fully active chymotrypsin

Answer 28

Zymogen (polypeptide chain)

(pi)-chymotrypsin (via trypsin)

a-chymotrypsin (via chymotr)

Question 29

What is the catalytic triad found in chymotrypsin

Answer 29

Aspartate

Histidine

Serine

Question 30

How is Trypsinogen activated to become Trypsin + Enzyme

Answer 30

Removal of AA 1-6

Via enteropeptidase

Question 31

What does Trypsin convert?

Answer 31

Procarboxypeptidase -> Carboxypeptidase

Question 32

What does TPA convert?

Answer 32

Plasminogen –> Plasmin

Question 33

Name a recombinant TPA

Answer 33

Alteplase