Topic 2- active and passive immunity

Question 1

How is active immunity acquired? How does this occur?

Answer 1

-when an antigen enters the body triggering a specific immune response (antibodies are produced)
-naturally acquired through exposure to microbes or artificially acquired through vaccinations

Question 2

How long in active immunity does the antibody concentration take to increase?

Answer 2

1-2 weeks

Question 3

If the body is invaded by the same pathogen again or by the pathogen that the person was vaccinated against then, during the 1.______ _______, the antibody concentration in the blood takes a much 2._____ period of time to increase and is 3._____than after the vaccination or first infection

Answer 3

1.secondary response
2.shorter
3.higher

Question 4

How is passive immunity aqqcuired?

Answer 4

-without an immune response. Antibodies are not produced by the infected person
-given an injection / transfusion of the antibodies

Question 5

Are there any memory cells in passive immuntiy?

Answer 5

-No, immune system has not been activated

Question 6

When does natural passive immunity occur?

Answer 6

-Foetuses receive antibodies across the placenta from their mothers
-Babies receive the initial breast milk from mothers (the colostrum) which delivers a certain isotype of antibody