Topic 1 BIO MOLECULES- monomers and polymers Flashcards
What is a polymer?
large molecules made up of repeating monomer units
What is a monomer?
smaller, more basic molecular units that can form a polymer
monosaccharide + monosaccharide
disaccharide
monomer+ monomer
dimer
monomer+monomer+monomer
trimer
What is a condensation reaction?
joins two molecules together with the formation of a chemical bond and involves releasing a molecule of water
(a)glucose +(a)glucose
maltose (glycosigic bond)
amino acid+amino acid
dipeptide+ water (peptide bond)
nucleotide+nucleotide
dimer+ water (phosphodiester bond)
What is a hydrolysis reaction?
breaks a chemical bond between monomers and involves the use of a water molecule
startch+water
glucose
DNA+water
nucleotide
protein+water
amino acid
Give 3 examples of monomers
monosaccharides, amino acids and nucleotide
What is the theory of evolution?
the theory that all organisations on earth are descended from one or a few common ancestors and that they have changed and diversified over time
What do all organisms share
What do these similarities suggest?
the same biochemistry, they all contain the same groups of carbon-based compounds that interact in similar ways
that animals and plants have a common ancestor which provides indirect evidence for evolution
What are biological molecules?
-Large chemical compounds that are found in all living organisms
Approximately how many species are there on earth?
8.7 million
What are the four biological molecules?
-Proteins
-Lipids
-Carbohydrates
-Nucleic acids
What does organic mean?
-Carbon-containing
