TOPIC 1-ATP Flashcards
What is the function of ATP?
Immediate source of energy for biological processes
What processes use energy in plants and animals?
-Active transport
-DNA replication
-Cell division
-Protein synthesis
Why do plants and animal cells need energy?
So biological processes can occur
Which kind of reactions need a constant steady supply of ATP?
Metabollic
What does ATP stand for?
Adensosine triphosphate
What makes up ATP?
-Nucleotide base adenine
-A ribose sugar
-3 phosphate groups
Why is ATP made?
-During respiration (aerobic and anarobic) plant and animal cells release energy from glucose
-A cell cannot get its energy directly from glucose
-The energy released from glucose is used to make ATP
Why is it a nucleotide derivative?
It is a modified form of a nucleotide
Where does the ATP diffuse to in the cell?
The part of the cell that needs the energy
Where is the energy stored?
In high energy bonds between the phosphate groups
How is ATP released?
In hydrolysis reactions
What happens when energy is needed?
-ATP is broken down into ADP (adensosine diphospahte) and Pi (an inorganic phosphate)
-This is the hydrolysis reaction
-A phosphate bond is broken and energy is released
What enzyme is the reaction catalysed by?
ATP hydrolayse
What is meant by ATP hydrolysis can be ‘coupled’ to other energy requiring reactions in the cell?
-The energy released cab be directly used to make the coupled reaction happen rather than it being lost as heat energy
What is phosphrilaytion?
-The released inorganic phosphate can be bonded to another compound
-Often makes the compound more reactive
