Tongue, Eyes, Ear Flashcards
The tongue is attached to these structures: above
- styloid process
2. Soft palate
The tongue is attached to these structures: below
- Mandible
2. Hyoid bone
___ is a small pit at the apex of the tongue
foramen cecum
___ is a small nipple shaped projections on the anterior 2/3 of the dorsum of the tongue
lingual papillae
[papillae]
arranged in the form of V in front of the sulcus terminalis
vallate
[papillae]
mushroom shaped projections scattered on the sides and apex of the tongue
fungiform papillae
[papillae]
slender, conical projections arranged in rows parallel to the sulcus terminalis
filliform papillae
[papillae]
rudimentary in humans
foliate
What innervates the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
CN XII
What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
- Palatoglossus
- Styloglossus
- Hyoglossus
- Genioglossus
What extrinsic muscle of the tongue is not innervated by the hypoglossal nerve?
Palatoglossus - innervated by CN 10
What innervates the mucous membrane of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
CN 5
What innervates the mucous membrane of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
CN 10
What innervates the taste buds in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
CN 7
What innervates the taste buds in the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
CN 9
What innervates the tongue?
Lingual artery from the ECA
[Lymph drainage of the tongue]
Posterior 1/3
superior deep cervical LN
[Lymph drainage of the tongue]
medial ant 2/3
inferior deep cervical LN
[Lymph drainage of the tongue]
Lateral ant 2/3
submandibular LN
[Lymph drainage of the tongue]
apex
submental
The bulk of the tongue is composed of ____
genioglossus
What is the chorda tympani?
A branch of CN 7 that supplies the taste sensation on the anterior 2/3 of the tongu
[eye]
what innervates the lateral rectus?
LR 6
[eye]
what innervates the superior oblique
SO 4
[Guess the nerve injury involved]
After injury, the eye is
abducted
Depressed
ptosis
pupil dilation
CN III
[Guess the muscle injury involved]
After injury, the eye is
extorted
SO damaged
CN IV
[Guess the muscle injury involved]
After injury, the eye is
adducted
abduction is affected = LR = CN 6
CN 6 = abducens = abduct = LR
[Guess the muscle injury involved]
After injury, the eye is
medial deviation
paralysis during abduction of the ipsilateral eye
CN VI, abducens
What nerve is located beneath the facial colliculus if the floor of the 4th ventricle in the caudal pons
abducens nerve = CN 6
What nerve is located at the ventral border of the periaqueductal gray of the midbrain at the level of inferior colliculus?
Trochlear nucleus
[Guess the muscle injury involved]
After injury, the eye is
slight extorsion
compensated by head tilting
CN 4 = SO 4
Remember: tilt your head and say SO?
The upper and lower eyelids drain to whan LN?
- Superficial parotid LN
2. Pre-auricular LN
The medial eye drains to what LN?
submandibular LN
[Lesion of the optic pathway]
monocular vision loss
optic nerve
[Lesion of the optic pathway]
bitemporal hemianopsia
optic chiasm
[Lesion of the optic pathway]
contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
optic tract
[Lesion of the optic pathway]
contralateral superior quadrantanopsia
Inferior optic radiation
[Lesion of the optic pathway]
contralateral inferior quadrantanopsia
Superior optic radiation
This refers to the hypophysis cerebri
pituitary gland
[Pituitary gland]
the hypophysial pouch gives rise to ___ lobe
anterior lobe
[Pituitary gland]
this is an upgrowth from roof of primitive mouth
Rathke pouch = anterior lobe = adenohypophysis
[Pituitary gland]
this comes from the downgrowth of the diencephalon
neurohypophysial bud
[Pituitary gland]
the posterior lobe comes from ___ bud
neurohypophysial bud
[Pituitary gland]
What are the parts of the anterior pituitary
- Pars distalis
- Pars intermedia
- Pars tuberalis
[Pituitary gland: anterior lobe]
largest part, responsible for hormone secretion
pars distalis
[Pituitary gland: anterior lobe]
it is an upward extension of the pars distalis that surrounds the infundibulum
pars tuberalis
[Pituitary gland]
what are the parts of you posterior lobe?
- Pars nervosa
2. Infundibulum
[Pituitary gland]
What is the arterial supply of your anterior pituitary gland
superior hypophyseal artery (from ICA)
[Pituitary gland]
what are the arterial supply of your posterior pituitary?
- Superior hypophyseal
- Infundibular
- Inferior hypophyseal artery
What are the hormones produced by you anterior pituitary?
- FSH
- LH
- ACTH
- TSH
- PRL
- GH
Remember, FLAT PiG
What are the hormones secreted by your posterior pituitary?
- ADH
2. Oxytocin
ADH and oytocin are produced in what nuclei?
Supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus
This is also called the epiphyses cerebri
pineal gland
Corpora aranacea is located i ____
pineal gland
What innervates the external ear?
- Auricular branch of the vagus and facial nerve
- Greater auricular nerve
- Auriculotemporal branch of trigeminal nerve
- Lesser occipital nerve
What is the length of the external auditory meatus?
2.5cm
What innervates the external auditory meatus?
- Auriculotemporal branch of the trigeminal nerve
2. Auricular branches of the 7,9,10
the external auditory meatus is ___ cartilagenous and ___ bony
1/3 cartilagenous
2/3 bony
What innervates the lateral concave surface of the tympanic membrane?
- Auriculotemporal branch of CN 5
2. Auricular branch of CN 7, 9, 10
What innervates the medial surface of the tympanic membrane?
- Tympanic branch of CN9
The cone of light is seen in what quadrant of the tympanic membrane?
Anteroinferior quadrant
The tympanic cavity contain these nerve
- Chorda tympani (branch of CN 7)
2. Tympanic plexus of CN 9
What innervates the tympanic cavity?
- Tympanic branch of CN 9
What innervates the stapedius muscle?
CN 7 - hyperacusis
What innervates the tensor tympani?
mandibular branch of CN 5
[Sensory organ of the ear]
for linear acceleration
Utricle
Saccule
[Sensory organ of the ear]
for angular acceleration
Ampullae of the semicircular duct
