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Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

The transtubercular like is at the level of what lumbar vertebra?

A

L5

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2
Q

The subcostal plane is at the level of what rib

A

10th rib

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3
Q

The subcostal plane corresponds to what lumbar vertebra

A

L3

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4
Q

The interspinous plane is an imaginary line from what surface landmarks?

A

ASIS

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5
Q

What are the fascias of the anterior abdominal wall

A
  1. Superficial fascia

2. Deep fascia

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6
Q

What are the layers of the superficial fascia of the anterior abdominal wall

A
  1. Campers fascia
  2. Scarpas fascia

Remember: Fatty Camper traversing a SCAry PArk (scarpa_

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7
Q

The campers fascia is connected to what fasci of the thigh?

A

Superficial fascia

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8
Q

The campers facia is connected to what fascia in the perineum?

A

Superficial fascia of the perineal fascia

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9
Q

What fascia covers the muscles of the abdomen

A

deep fascia

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10
Q

The deep fascia continues as what in the spermatic cord

A

external spermatic fascia

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11
Q

The deep fascia continues as what in the penis

A

As deep fascia or bucks fascia

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12
Q

What is the most superficial muscle of the abdomen?

A

External oblique

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13
Q

The inferior margin of the external oblique muscle forms what ligament?

A

inguinal ligament

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14
Q

What muscles interdigitate in the external oblique muscle of the abdomen?

A

Serratus anterior and latissimus dorsi

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15
Q

The external oblique muscle fibers is directed

A

Obliquely downward and medially

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16
Q

An anterior abdominal wall muscle that is part of the conjoint tendon

A
  1. internal oblique

2. transversus abdominis

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17
Q

What is the direction of the muscle fibers of the internal oblique muscle

A

upward and medial

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18
Q

What forms the conjoint tendon of the abdomen

A
  1. Aponeurotic fibers of internal iblique

2. Transversus abdominis

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19
Q

The aponeurosis of the rectus sheath comes from what muscles

A

internal oblique

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20
Q

what is the innermost muscle of the anterior abdominal wall?

A

Transversus abdominis

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21
Q

the convex lateral border of the rectus abdominis is called

A

line semilunaris

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22
Q

What is the action of the pyramidalis?

A

tenses the linea alba

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23
Q

___ is a crescent shaped line marking the inferior limit of the posterior layer of the rectus sheath

A

arcuate line

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24
Q

The linea SEMICIRCULARIS is also called the ____

A

arcuate line

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25
The arcuate line is see between what surface markers?
midway between the 1. Umbilicus 2. Pubic crest
26
If you stab a patient lateral to the rectus abdominis (above the arcuate line), what layers of the skin are affected?
[Anterior to posterior] 1. Skin 2. Subcutaneous tissue 3. EO fascia 4. IO fascia 5. TA fascia 6. Transversalis fascia 7. Extraperitoneal fascia 8. peritoneum
27
If you stab a patient directly over the rectus abdominis (above the arcuate line) muscle, what layers are traversed by the ice pic?
1. Skin 2. Subcutaneous tissue 3. Anterior rectus sheath 4. Rectus abdominis 5. Posterior rectus sheath 6. Extraperitoneal fascia 7. Peritoneum
28
The anterior rectus sheath is composed of what fascia
1. EO | 2. IO
29
The posterior rectus sheath is composed of what fascia
1. TA | 2. Transversalis fascia
30
If you stab a patient below the arcuate line just lateral to the rectus abdominis muscle, what layers are traversed by the knife?
1. Skin 2. Subcutaneous fascia 3. EO 4. IO 5. TA 6. TF 7. Extraperitoneal fascia 8. Peritoneum NO POSTERIO SHEATH
31
If you stab a patient below the arcuate line directly over the rectus abdominis muscle, what layers are traversed by the knife?
1. Skin 2. Subcutaneous tissue 3. Anterior layer of rectus sheath 4. Rectus abdomins muscle 5. Transversalis fascia 6. Extraperitoneal fascia 7. Peritoneum
32
What are the layers of the anterior rectus sheath found below the arcuate line
1. EO 2. IO 3. TA
33
the linea alba extends from the xyphoid process to the ___
pubic symphysis
34
The linea alba is the fusion of what aponeurosis
1. External oblique 2. Internal oblique 3. Transversus abdominis
35
What are the blood supply of the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall?
1. Superior epigastric 2. Inferior epigastric 3. Deep Circumflex 4. Superficial epigastric 5. Superficial cicumflex Iliac
36
The superior epigastric artery is a branch of the
Internal Thoracic artery
37
the inferior epigastric artery is a branch of
External iliac artery
38
the SUPERFICIAL circumflex iliac artery is a brach of
the femoral artery
39
The deep circumflex iliac is a branch of
external iliac artery
40
What are the nerve supply of the anterior abdominal wall?
ventral rami of the lower six thoracic nerves and first lumbar nerve
41
[Lymphatic Drainage] if above the umbilicus
drain into axillary LN
42
[Lymphatic Drainage] if below the umbilicus
drain into the superficial inguinal nodes
43
The inguinal region extends between the ___ and ___-
ASIS and Pubic tubercle
44
What are the boundaries of Inguinal Triangle
1. Inferior epigastric artery 2. Inguinal ligament 3. Rectus abdominis
45
The poupart ligament is also called the
inguinal ligament
46
What is the length of the inguinal canal?
4cm
47
What lies immediately above the inguinal ligament
Inguinal canal
48
The deep ring of the inguinal canal is a hole from what ring?
Transversalis fascia
49
The superficial inguinal ring of the inguinal canal is composed of what fascia?
external oblique aponeurosis
50
What nerve passes through the inguinal canal
ilioinguinal nerve
51
What ligaments pass through the inguinal canal?
Spermatic cord for males | Round ligament for females
52
What are the content of the spermatic cord?
3 arteries - testicular, cremasteric, artery of vas 2 Nerves - autonomic, genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve 2 others - vas deferens, processus vaginalis 1 vein - testicular vein 1 lymphatic vessel - testicular lymph vessel
53
The cremasteric reflex utilizes what nerve
L1 spinal nerve
54
Skin on the superior and medial thigh is supplied by the ____
gemoral branch of the genitofemiral nerve
55
what nerve supplies the cremaster muscle
genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
56
What are the layers of the peritoneum
1. Parietal | 2. Visceral
57
What nerve supplies the parietal peritoneum in the pelvis
obturator nerve
58
[Parietal/visceral] sensitive to pressure, pain, heat, cold pain is localized
parietal
59
[Parietal/visceral] insensitive to touch, heat, cold pain is poorly localized
visceral
60
[Parietal/visceral] innervated by autonomics
visceral
61
What are your retroperitoneal organs?
1. Pancreas 2. Ureter 3. Kidney 4. IVC 5. Duodenum 6. Ascending colon 7. Descending colon 8. Abdominal aorta
62
What are your primary retroperitoneal organs?
``` Primary = not GIT Kidney ureter urinary bladder uterus fallopian tube aorta IVC suprarenal glands ```
63
What are your secondary retroperitoneal organs?
Secondary = GIT 1. Duodenum (second to fourth) 2. Pancreas 3. Ascending/Descending colon 4. Middle rectum
64
Part of the rectum that is peritoneal
superior rectum
65
which part of the duodenum is retroperitoneal
2nd and rd part
66
____ is a cavity within the abdominal cavity that has no organs
peritoneal caivty
67
The peritoneal cavity is connected to the exterior of the body namely:
1. Uterine tubes 2. Uterine cavity 4. Vaina
68
The lesser sac lies to ___ (organs)
1. posterior to the stomach and lesser omentum
69
What are the boundaries of the foramen of winslow?
A: hepatoduodenal ligament, portal vein, hepatic artery, bile duct P: IVC S: caudate lobe of liver I: inferior part of the duodenum
70
How many layers of mesentery are there
2
71
___ are extensions of the visceral peritoneum
mesentery
72
What connects the stomach to other viscera?
omentum
73
How many layers does an omentum have?
4 ayers
74
referred to as abdominal policement
greater omentum
75
What are the parts of the greater omentum
1. Gastrophrenic 2. Gastrosplenic 3. Gastrocolic
76
[Peritoneal recess] has 4 pouches
duodenal recess
77
[Peritoneal recess] has 3 peritoneal recesses
cecal
78
[Peritoneal recess] provide channels for the movement of infection in the peritoneal fluid
paracolic gutter
79
[Peritoneal recess] provide site for accumulation of pus, seen between the diaphragm and the liver
subphrenic spaces
80
The greater omentum connects the greater curvature of the stomach and the ___
proximal part of the duodenum
81
The lesser omentum connects the lesser curvature of the stomach and the
duodenum and proximal part of the liver
82
The lesser omentum has 2 ligaments namely
1. Hepatoduodenal | 2. Hepatogastric
83
What ligament conducts the portal traid
Hepatoduodenal ligament
84
What are the 2 recommended areas for paracentesis
1. 2 cm below the umbilicus, midline | 2. 3-4cm superior and medial to the anterior superior iliac spines
85
What are the layers pierced by the needle during umbilical paracentesis
1. Skin 2. Superficial fascia 3. Deep faschia 4. Linea alba 5. transversalis fascia 6. Extraperitoneal fat 7. parietal peritoneum
86
What are the layers pierced by the needle during lateral approach paracentesis
1. Skin 2. Superficial fascia 3. External oblique 4. Internal oblique 5. Transversus abdominis 6. Transversalis fascia 7. Extraperitoneal fat 8. Parietal peritoneum
87
[Lymph Drainage] the foregut derivatives drain to what lymph node
celiac
88
[Lymph Drainage] the midgut derivatives drain to what lymph node
superior mesenteric LN
89
[Lymph Drainage] the hindgut derivatives drain to what lymph nodes
inferior mesenteric LN
90
[Lymph Drainage] what are the pre-arotic lymph nodes
1. Celiac 2. Superior mesenteric 3. Inferior mesenteric

Anatomy (37 decks)

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