Breast Flashcards
Breast extends from what level of the ribs
2nd to 6th ribs
The level of the nipple corresponds to what intercostal space
4th
The axillary tail of spence is located from ____
Superior and lateral portion
How many lobes of the mammary gland are there?
15 to 20 lobes
The mammary gland is separated from the underlying muscle via ___ space
retromammary
Most breast cancers arise from what quadrant of the breast?
upper outer OR upper lateral
Retraction or puckering of the skin is due to the contraction of?
suspensory ligament
Nipple inversion is due to ____
infiltration of the lactiferous duct and fibrosis
Peau de orange is due to
infiltration of the LN
Most commonly damaged nerve after radical mastectomy
Long thoracic nerve
[What nerve is damaged?]
difficulty in horizontal extension of the upper extremities
Thoracodorsal = Latissimus dorsi
[What nerve is damaged?]
loss of sensation on the upper inner aspect of the arm
intercostal nerve
[What nerve is damaged?]
difficulty lifting her child, flapping her arms, arm wrestling
Medial Pectoral Nerve = Pectoralis MAJOR
The breast overlies what muscles?
- Deep layer of superficial fascia
- Retromammary space
- Pectoral fascia
- Pectoralis major
The extension of the ribs lie from ___ ribs
From 2nd to 6th rib
What allows the movement of the breast
Retromammary space
The retromammary space is between the breast and the ___
deep pectoralis fascia
The cooper ligament extends from the ___ to the ___
dermis to the pectoral fascia
What supports the breast?
cooper ligament
What are the blood supply of the breast?
- Internal thoracic (from subclavian)
- Lateral thoracic (from axillary)
- thoracoacromial (from axillary)
- Posterior intercostal (from thoracic aorta)
What are the venous drainage of the breast?
- Lateral thoracic
- Thoraco acromial
- Internal thoracic
[Lymphatic Drainage]
The lateral quadrants drain to the
axillary LN
[Lymphatic Drainage]
the medial quadrants drain to the
parasternal nodes
What innervates the breast?
4th to 6th intercostal nerve
[Level of axillary lymphatics]
Posterior and anterior pectoral LN
level 1
[Level of axillary lymphatics]
Posterior/Scapular
Level 1
[Level of axillary lymphatics]
lateral/humeral
Level 1
[Level of axillary lymphatics]
central LN
level 2
[Level of axillary lymphatics]
apical LN
level 3
[Which axillary lymphatics]
if you press the pectoralis major forward
anterior node
[Which axillary lymphatics]
if you press the subscapularis muscle backwards
posterior node
[Which axillary lymphatics]
if you press agains the medial side of the axillary vein
lateral node
Trace the flow of the LN drainage
- Anterior, Posterior, Lateral
- Central
- Apical
- Supraclavicular
