TIMS HEARING AND EQUILIBRIUM

Question 1

hearing is the second most important sensory input too_____?

Answer 1

vision

Question 2

the outer ear is separated from the middle by what strucutre?

Answer 2

tympanic membrane

Question 3

what are the three smallest bones in the body of the middle ear?

Answer 3

malleus
incus
stapes

Question 4

the middle ear amplifies sound by how much? why is amplification necessary?

Answer 4

15x

b/c fluid of inner ear will dampen sound waves

Question 5

where is the Eustachian tube found in the ear? what does it do? this is also the cause of what type of ache?

Answer 5

middle ear

allows air pressure to equilibrium b/w Patm and middle ear

ear ache due to inability to equilibrate pressure

Question 6

what are the two main structures of the inner ear?

Answer 6

bony labyrinth

membraneous labyrinth

Question 7

what structures comprise bony labyrinth?

Answer 7

semicircular canals
cochlea
vestibule

Question 8

name this portion of the bony labyrinth?

responsible for equilibrium
present in X,Y,Z axis

Answer 8

semicircular canals

Question 9

name this portion of the bony labyrinth?

responsible for hearing

Answer 9

cochlea

Question 10

name this portion of the bony labyrinth?

area b/w the cochlea and semicircular canals

Answer 10

vestibule

Question 11

the vestibule of the bony labyrinth contains what?

Answer 11

fenestra vestibule (oval window, hearing)

fenestra cochlea (round window)

Question 12

what separates the membranous labyrinth from the bony labyrinth? what about in the membranous labyrinth?

Answer 12

perilymph

endolymph

Question 13

where is the cochlear duct found? what supports this and the nerve traveling through this?

Answer 13

bony labyrinth of the cochlea

modiolus carrying the cochlear nerve and joins with the vestibular nerve outside the duct

Question 14

describe the cochlear canal?

what are the three parts?

Answer 14

structure of the inner ear found in the membranous labyrinth that is divided into 3 parts by 2 membranes

scala vestibuli
-vestibular membrane
-filled with perilymph
cochlear duct
-basilar membrane 
-filled with endolymph
scala tympani 
-filled with perilymph

Question 15

what are the two parts of the cochlear duct?

what is the significance of the organ of corti?

Answer 15

endolymph
organ of cortisones
-tectorial membrane
-outer hair cells

*translates vibration into hearing and attached to cochlear nerve dendrites

Question 16

how does the scala tympani attach to the cochlear canal wall?

Answer 16

spiral ligament

Question 17

when do we start hearing?

Answer 17

when the transmission gets to the superior temporal gyrus

Question 18

this structure allows us to orient head wyes toward sound reflexively

Answer 18

sup. tectospinal tract

Question 19

what are the two components of the vestibular equilibrium?

which one senses acceleration/decel and which one senses position in space relative to gravity

Answer 19

kinetic labyrinth

static labyrinth

Question 20

this is the part of the crista ampularis that contains no otoliths and no microvilli and the fluid in the canal past the cupula stimulates or inhibits hair cells depending on direction of acceleration

Answer 20

cupula

Question 21

the utricle and saccule are part of which labyrinth? what are the contents?

Answer 21

static

utricle-macula utriculi
-sensory organ
saccule-macula sacculi
-determines different place of position

Question 22

what is the effect of both the kinetic and static labyrinth?

Answer 22

position in space

appropriate head movement (orientation and balance)