Tibia Flashcards

1
Q

What is the tibia?

A

The main bone of the leg, forming what is more commonly known as the shin

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2
Q

Where does the tibia extend?

A

At the proximal and distal ends

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3
Q

Where does the tibia articulate?

A

At the ankle and knee joints

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4
Q

What is the function of the tibia?

A

Weight bearing

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5
Q

What is the tibia widened by the the proximal end?

A

The medial and lateral condyles

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6
Q

What is the result of the widening of the tibia at the proximal end?

A

It aids in weight bearing

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7
Q

What do the condyles of the proximal tibia form?

A

A flat surface, known as the tibial plateau

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8
Q

What does the tibial plateau articulate with?

A

The femoral condyles

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9
Q

What is formed when the femoral condyles articulate with the tibial plateau?

A

The major articulation of the knee joint

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10
Q

What is located between the condyles?

A

A region called the intercondylar eminence

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11
Q

What does the intercondylar eminence consist of?

A

Two tubercles and a roughened area

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12
Q

What is the roughened area of the intercondylar eminence the main site for?

A

Attachment for the ligaments and menisci of the knee joint

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13
Q

What do the tibial intercondylar tubercles fit into?

A

The intercondylar fossa of the femur

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14
Q

Where is the tibial tuberosity found?

A

On the anterior surface of the proximal tibia

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15
Q

What attaches at the tibial tuberosity?

A

The patella ligament

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16
Q

What does the shaft of the tibia have?

A

Three borders and three surfaces; anterior, posterior and lateral

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17
Q

What is the start of the anterior border of the tibial shaft marked by?

A

The tibial tuberosity

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18
Q

Where is the anterior border of the tibial shaft palpable?

A

Down the anterior surface of the leg as the shin

19
Q

What is susceptible to damage where the tibia is palpable as the shin?

A

The periosteal covering of the tibia

20
Q

How is damage to the periosteal covering of the tibia present clinically?

21
Q

What is the posterior surface of the tibial shaft marked by?

A

A ridge of bone called the soleal line

22
Q

Where does the soleal line run?

A

Inferomedially

23
Q

What eventually happens to the soleal line?

A

It blends with the medial border of the tibia

24
Q

What happens where the soleal line blends with the medial border of the tibia?

A

Part of the soleus muscle originates

25
What is the lateral border of the tibial shaft also known as?
The interosseous border
26
What does the lateral border of the tibial shaft give?
Attachment to the interosseous membrane that binds the tibia and fibula together
27
What happens to the distal end of the tibia?
It widens
28
Why does the distal end of the tibia widen?
To help with weight bearing
29
What is found on the medial side of the distal end of the tibia?
A bony projection continuing inferiorly, called the medial malleolus
30
What does the medial malleolus articulate with?
The tarsal bones
31
What is formed when the medial malleolus articulates with the tarsal bones?
Part of the ankle joint
32
What is found on the posterior surface of the distal tibia?
A groove
33
What is the groove on the posterior surface of the distal tibia the site of?
The attachment of the tibialis posterior muscle
34
What is found laterally on the distal end of the tibia?
The fibular notch
35
What is the fibular notch the site of?
The binding of fibula to tibula
36
How common are fractures of the tibia?
Relatively common
37
Who do tibial fractures most frequently occur in?
The middle aged and elderly
38
What happens if the fibula is not fractured?
It supports the tibia, and displacement of the fragments is minimal
39
What site of the tibia is most vulnerable to damage?
The proximal end of the tibia
40
What does damage to the proximal end of the tibia usually result from?
Some traumatic accident
41
What may happen in a proximal tibia fracture?
The condyles may be broke up in the fracture | Not uncommon for there to be injury to the ligaments of the knee
42
What can be fractured in the ankle?
The medial malleolus
43
What causes a medial malleolus fracture?
The ankle being twisted inwards (overinversion), and so the talus of the foot is forced against the medial malleolus, causing a spiral fracture