Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ESA 2- Musculoskeletal System > Muscles of the Foot > Flashcards

Muscles of the Foot Flashcards

1
Q

What can the muscles of the foot be divided into?

A

Extrinsic and intrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do the extrinsic muscles of the foot arise from?

A

The anterior, posterior and lateral compartment of the leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the foot mainly responsible for?

A

Actions such as eversion, inversion, plantarflexion and dorsiflexion of the foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the foot responsible for?

A

The more fine motor actions of the foot, for example movements of individual digits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What can the intrinsic muscles of the foot be divided into?

A

Those in the dorsum of the foot, and those in the sole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What muscles are found in the dorsal compartment of the foot?

A

Extensor digitorum brevis

Extensor hallicus brevis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the muscles in the dorsal compartment of the foot mainly responsible for?

A

Assisting some of the extrinsic muscles in their actions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the muscles in the dorsal compartment of the foor innervated by?

A

Deep fibular nerve (L5 or S1, or both)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where does the extensor digitorum brevis lie?

A

Deep to the tendon of the extensor digitorum longus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the main action of the extensor digitorum brevis?

A

Aids the extensor digitorum longus in extending the four medial toes at the metatarsophalangeal joints and the interphalangeal joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the arterial supply of the extensor digitorum brevis?

A

Deep branch of medial plantar arteries

Lateral plantar arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is the extensor hallicus brevis located?

A

Medial to the extensor digitorum longus

Lateral to extensor hallucis longus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the arterial supply of the extensor hallucis brevis?

A

Dorsal pedis artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the main action of the extensor hallucis brevis?

A

Aids the extensor hallucis longus in extending the great toe at the metatarsophalangeal joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How many intrinsic muscles are located in the sole of the foot?

A

10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do the muscles in the sole of the foot do?

A

Collectively stabilise the arches of the foot

Individually control the movements of the digits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the muscles of the sole of the foot organised into?

A

Four layers, superficial to deep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where is the first layer of the sole of the foot muscles found?

A

Most superficial to the sole

Immediately under the plantar fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What muscles are in the first layer of the sole of the foot?

A

Abductor Hallucis
Flexor Digitorum Brevis
Abductor Digiti Minimi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where is the abductor hallucis found?

A

On the medial side of the sole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the abductor hallucis contribute to?

A

A small soft tissue bulge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the innervation of the abductor hallucis?

A

Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the arterial supply of the abductor hallucis?

A

Medial plantar artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the main action of the abductor hallucis?

A

Abducts and flexes 1st digit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Where is the flexor digitorum brevis located?

A

Laterally to the abductor hallucis

Centre of the sole, sandwiched between plantar aponeurosis and tendons of flexor digitorum longus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum brevis?

A

Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the arterial supply of the flexor digitorum brevis?

A

Deep branch of medial plantar artery

Lateral plantar artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the main action of the flexor digitorum brevis?

A

Flexes lateral 4 digits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Where is the abductor digiti minimi located?

A

On the lateral side of the foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is the innervation of the abductor digiti minimi?

A

Lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is the arterial supply of the abductor digiti minimi?

A

Lateral plantar artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the main action of the abductor digiti minimi?

A

Abducts and flexes little toe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What muscles are in the second layer of the sole of the foot?

A

Quadratus plantae

Lumbricals

34
Q

What passes through the second layer of the sole of the foot?

A

The tendons of the flexor digitorum longus (an extrinsic muscle of the foot)

35
Q

Where is the quadratus plantae located?

A

Superior to the flexor digitorum longus tendons

36
Q

How is the quadratus plantae separated from the first layer of muscles in the sole of the foot?

A

By the lateral plantar vessels and nerve

37
Q

What is the innervation of the quadratus plantae?

A

Lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

38
Q

What is the arterial supply of the quadratus plantae?

A

Lateral plantar artery

39
Q

What is the main action of the quadratus plantae?

A

Assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral four digits

40
Q

How many lumbricals are there in the foot?

A

4

41
Q

Where are the lumbricals located?

A

Medial to their respective tendon of the flexor digitorum longus

42
Q

What is the innervation of the medial lumbrical?

A

Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)

43
Q

What is the innervation of the lateral three lumbricals?

A

Lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

44
Q

What is the arterial supply of the lumbricals?

A

Superficial branch of medial plantar artery

Plantar metatarsal branch

45
Q

What is the main action of the lumbricals?

A

Flex proximal phalanges, extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits

46
Q

What muscles are in the third layer of the sole of the foot?

A

Flexor hallucis brevis
Adduct hallucis
Flexor digiti minimi

47
Q

Where is the flexor hallucis brevis located?

A

On the medial side of the foot

48
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor hallucis brevis?

A

Medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)

49
Q

What is the arterial supply of the flexor hallucis brevis?

A

Deep branch of medial plantar artery

Superficial branch of medial plantar artery

50
Q

What is the main action of the flexor hallucis brevis?

A

Flexes proximal phalanx of the 1st digit

51
Q

Where is the adductor hallucis located?

A

Laterally to the flexor hallucis brevis

52
Q

What does the adductor hallucis consist of?

A

An oblique and transverse head

53
Q

Wha is the innervation of the adductor hallucis?

A

Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

54
Q

What is the arterial supply of the oblique head of the adductor hallucis?

A

Deep plantar arch

55
Q

What is the arterial supply of the transverse head of the adductor hallucis?

A

Deep plantar arch

Plantar metatarsal arteries

56
Q

What is the main action of the adductor hallucis?

A

Adduct 1st digit

Assists in transverse arch of foot by metatarsals medially

57
Q

Where is the flexor digiti minimi brevis located?

A

On the lateral side of the foot, underneath the metatarsal of the little toe

58
Q

What does the flexor digiti minimi brevis resemble in structure?

A

The interossei

59
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

60
Q

What is the arterial supply of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Lateral plantar arches

61
Q

What is the main action of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit, thereby assisting with its flexion

62
Q

What muscles are in the fourth layer of the the sole of the foot?

A

Plantar interossei

Dorsal interossei

63
Q

What kind of muscles are the plantar interossei?

A

Unipennate

64
Q

What kind of muscles are the dorsal interossei?

A

Bipennate

65
Q

How many plantar interossei are there?

A

3

66
Q

Where are the plantar interossei located?

A

Between the metatarsals

67
Q

What does each plantar interossei arise from?

A

A single metatarsal

68
Q

What is the innervation of the plantar interossei?

A

Lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

69
Q

What is the arterial supply of the plantar interossei?

A

Plantar metatarsal arteries

70
Q

What is the main action of the plantar interossei?

A

Adduct digits 3-5 and flex metatarsophalangeal joints

71
Q

How many dorsal interossei are there?

A

4

72
Q

Where are the dorsal interossei located?

A

Between the metatarsals

73
Q

What does each dorsal interossei arise from?

A

Two metatarsals

74
Q

What is the innervation of the dorsal interossei?

A

Lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

75
Q

What is the arterial supply of the dorsal interossei?

A

Dorsal metatarsal arteries

76
Q

What is the main action of the dorsal interossei?

A

Abduct digits 2-4 and flex metatarsophalangeal joints

77
Q

What will tearing of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle fibres result in?

A

A haemotoma

78
Q

What does the haemotoma from tearing of the EDB produce?

A

A characteristic swelling anteromedial to the lateral malleolus

79
Q

What does the characteristic swelling produced when the EDB is torn allow?

A

For differentiated from a sprained ankle

80
Q

What can happen as the medial plantar nerve passes deep to the abductor hallucis muscle?

A

It can become compressed and irritated

81
Q

What can result from compression of the medial plantar nerve?

A

Aching, numbness and paraesthesia on the medial side of the sole of the foot

82
Q

When can the medial plantar nerve become compressed?

A

During repetitive eversion of the foot

ESA 2- Musculoskeletal System (69 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions