Patella Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the patella located?

A

At the front of the knee joint, within the patellofemoral groove of the femur

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2
Q

Where does the patella attach?

A

Superiorly to the quadriceps tendon

Inferiorly to the patallar ligament

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3
Q

What is the patella classified as?

A

A sesamoid type bone

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4
Q

Why is the patella classified as a sesamoid type bone?

A

Due to its position within the quadriceps tendon

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5
Q

What shape is the patella?

A

Triangular

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6
Q

Where is the apex of the patella situated?

A

Inferiorly

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7
Q

What is the apex of the patella connected to?

A

The tibial tuberosity

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8
Q

How is the apex of the patella connected to the tibial tuberosity?

A

By the patella ligament

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9
Q

What does the base of the patella form?

A

The superior aspect of the bone

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10
Q

What does the base of the patella provide?

A

The attachment area for the quadriceps tendon

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11
Q

What does the posterior surface of the patella articulate with?

A

The femur

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12
Q

What is the posterior surface of the patella marked by?

A

Two facets, the medial facet and the lateral facet

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13
Q

What does the medial facet of the patella articulate with?

A

The medial condyle of the femur

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14
Q

What does the lateral facet of the patella articulate with?

A

The lateral condyle of the femur

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15
Q

What are the main functions of the patella?

A

Leg extension

Protection

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16
Q

How is the patella involved in leg extension?

A

Enhances the leverage that the quadriceps tendon can exert on the femur, increasing the efficiency of the muscle

17
Q

How is the patella involved in protection?

A

Protects the anterior aspect of the knee joint from physical trauma

18
Q

What happens in patellar dislocation?

A

The patella bone is displaced out of the patellofemoral groove

19
Q

What % of knee injuries does patellar dislocation account for?

A

~3%

20
Q

In what manner do most patellar dislocations occur?

A

Laterally

21
Q

What are patellar dislocations caused by?

A

A high force impact on the patella or a forceful, sudden twisting of the knee

22
Q

What do patellar fractures usually result from?

A

Direct trauma to the bone, or sudden contraction of the quadriceps muscle

23
Q

Who are patellar fractures more common in?

A

Males in the 20-50 age range

24
Q

What happens if the patella fractures into fragments?

A

They will usually separate- the proximal fragment displace superiorly by the quadriceps tendon, and the distal fragment pulled inferiorly by the patellar ligament