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ESA 2- Musculoskeletal System > Intrinisic Shoudler Muscles > Flashcards

Intrinisic Shoudler Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Where do the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder originate from?

A

The scapula and/or clavicle

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2
Q

Where do the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder attach to?

A

The humerus

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3
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder?

A 
Deltoid
 Teres major
 Supraspinatus
 Infraspinatus
 Subscapularis
 Teres minor
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4
Q

What muscles are considered to be part of the rotator cuff group?

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis
Teres minor

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5
Q

What shape is the deltoid muscle?

A

Triangle

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6
Q

What can the deltoid muscle be divided into?

A

Anterior (clavicular), middle (acromial) and posterior (spinal) parts

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7
Q

What is the innervation of the deltoid?

A

Axillary nerve (C5, C6)

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8
Q

What is the arterial supply of the deltoid?

A

Posterior circumflex humeral artery

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9
Q

What is the action of the clavicular part of the deltoid?

A

Flexes and medially rotates arm

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10
Q

What is the action of the acromial part of the deltoid?

A

Abducts arm- takes over from supraspinatus, which abducts the first 15º

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11
Q

What is the action of the spinal part of the deltoid?

A

It extends and laterally rotates the arm

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12
Q

What does the teres major form?

A

The inferior border of the quadrangular space

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13
Q

What is the quadrangular space?

A

The ‘gap’ that the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery pass through to reach the posterior scapula region

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14
Q

What is the innervation of the teres major?

A

Lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6)

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15
Q

What is the arterial supply of the teres major?

A

Circumflex scapular artery

Subscapular artery

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16
Q

What is the action of the teres major?

A

Adducts and medially rotates the arm

17
Q

Where do the rotator cuff muscles originate from?

A

The scapula

18
Q

What do the rotator cuff muscles attach to?

A

The humeral head

19
Q

What do the rotator cuff muscles collectively do?

A

The resting tone of these muscles acts to ‘pull’ the humeral head into the glenoid fossa, giving the glenohumeral joint a lot of additional stability

20
Q

What is the innervation of the supraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve (C4, C5, C6)

21
Q

What is the arterial supply of the supraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular artery

22
Q

What is the muscle action of the supraspinatous?

A

Initiates (0-15º) and assists the deltoid (15-90º) in abduction of the arm
Acts with rotator cuff muscles

23
Q

What is the innervation of the infraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

24
Q

What is the arterial supply of the infraspinatus?

A

Circumflex scapular artery

Suprascapular artery

25
Q

What is the action of the infraspinatus?

A

Laterally rotates the arm

Acts with the rotator cuff muscles

26
Q

What is the innervation of the subscapularis?

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)

27
Q

What is the arterial supply of the subscapularis?

A

Subscapular artery

28
Q

What is the action of the subscapularis?

A

Medially rotates arm

As part of rotator cuff, helps hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity

29
Q

What is the innervation of the teres minor?

A

Axillary nerve (C5, C6)

30
Q

What is the arterial supply of the teres minor?

A

Circumflex scapular artery

Posterior circumflex humeral artery

31
Q

What is the action of the teres minor?

A

Laterally rotates arm

Acts with rotator cuff muscles

32
Q

What does rotator cuff tendonitis refer to?

A

Inflammation of the tendons of the rotator cuff muscles

33
Q

What does rotator cuff tendonitis occur due to?

A

Secondary to repetitive use of the shoulder joint

34
Q

What is the muscle most commonly affected in rotator cuff tendonitis?

A

Supraspinatus

35
Q

Why is the supraspinatus the muscle most commonly affected in rotator cuff tendonitis?

A

During abduction, it ‘rubs’ against the coraco-acromial arch, which over time causes inflammation and degenerative changes in the tendon itself

36
Q

What does treatment of rotator cuff tendonitis involve?

A

Conservative treatment includes rest, analgesia and physiotherapy
In more servere cases, steroid injections and surgery can be considered

ESA 2- Musculoskeletal System (69 decks)

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