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ESA 2- Musculoskeletal System > Muscles of the Arm > Flashcards

Muscles of the Arm Flashcards

1
Q

What is the anatomical arm?

A

The shoulder joint to the elbow joint

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2
Q

What muscles are in the anterior arm?

A

Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

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3
Q

What muscles are in the posterior arm?

A

Triceps

Anconeus

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4
Q

What are muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm innervated by?

A

The musclocutaneous nerve

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5
Q

What kind of muscle is the biceps brachii?

A

Two headed

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6
Q

Where is nearly all the muscle mass of the biceps located?

A

Anterior to the humerus

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7
Q

Does the biceps have an attachment to the humerus?

A

No

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8
Q

How is the muscle belly of the biceps brachii formed?

A

By the combination of the two heads

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9
Q

Where do the two heads of the biceps brachii combine?

A

At the level of the humeral shaft

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10
Q

How do the two heads of the biceps brachii combine?

A

The tendon of the long head passes through the shoulder joint and intertubercular groove of the humerus to meet the short head

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11
Q

What is the biceps brachii innervated by?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-7)

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12
Q

What does a tap on the biceps tendon test?

A

Spinal cord segment C6

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13
Q

What is the arterial supply of the biceps brachii?

A

Brachial artery

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14
Q

What is the action of the biceps brachii?

A

Supinates forearm, and when it is supine, flexes forearm

Short head resists dislocation of the shoulder

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15
Q

What happens as the biceps tendon enters the forearm?

A

A connective tissue sheet is given off, called the bicipital aponeurosis

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16
Q

What does the bicipital aponeurosis form?

A

The roof of the cubital fossa

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17
Q

What does the bicipital aponeurosis blend with?

A

The deep fascia of the anterior forearm

18
Q

How common is a complete rupture of a body tendon?

A

Rare

19
Q

What is one of more common tendons to rupture?

A

The long head of the biceps tendon

20
Q

What does the rupture of the biceps tendon produce?

A

A characteristic bulge where the muscle belly is on flexing at the elbow, called the ‘Popeye Sign ‘

21
Q

Would a patient with a rupture of the biceps tendon notice much weakness in the upper limb?

A

No, due to the action of the brachialis and supinator muscles

22
Q

Where does the coracobrachialis muscle lie?

A

Deep to the biceps brachii in the arm

23
Q

Where does the coracobrachialis pass?

A

Through the axilla

24
Q

What is the innervation of the coracobrachialis?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7)

25
Q

What is the arterial supply of the coracobrachialis?

A

Brachial artery

26
Q

What is the function of the coracobrachialis?

A

Helps flex and adduct the arm

Resists dislocation of the shoulder

27
Q

Where does the brachialis muscle lie?

A

Deep to the biceps brachii, more distally than the other muscles of the arm

28
Q

What does the brachialis form?

A

The base of the cubital fossa

29
Q

What is the innervation of the brachialis?

A 
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)
 Small lateral portion by radial nerve (C5, C7)
30
Q

What is the arterial supply of the brachialis?

A

Brachial artery

Radial recurrent artery

31
Q

What is the action of the brachialis?

A

Flexes forearm in all positions

32
Q

What does the triceps brachii have?

A

Three heads

33
Q

Where does the medial head of the triceps lie?

A

Deeper than the other two

34
Q

When is the medial head visible?

A

When the other two heads have been dissected away

35
Q

What happens to the three heads of the triceps brachii?

A

They combine to make one muscle and converge to a tendon

36
Q

What is the innervation of the triceps brachii?

A

Radial nerve (C6-8)

37
Q

What is the arterial supply of the triceps brachii?

A

Deep brachial artery

38
Q

What is the action of the triceps brachii?

A

Chief extensor of forearm
Long head resists dislocation of humerus
Especially important during adduction

39
Q

What does a tap on the triceps tendon test?

A

Spinal segment C7

40
Q

What is the innervation of the anconeus?

A

Radial nerve (C7, C8, T1)

41
Q

What is the arterial supply of the anconeus?

A

Recurrent interosseous artery

42
Q

What is the action of the anconeus?

A

Assists triceps in extending the forearm
Stabilises elbow joint
May abduct ulna during pronation

ESA 2- Musculoskeletal System (69 decks)

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