Thrombosis and risk factors for thrombosis (haematology pathology) Flashcards
what are the 3 factors of thrombosis?
1) Blood flow
2) Blood composition
3) Vascular endothelium
Describe arterial thrombus formation
1) rupture of atheromatous plaques
2) Endothelial injury
3) Platelet aggregation leads to occlusion
What are the risk factors of thrombosis?
1) smoking
2) hypertension
3) hypercholesterolaemia
4) Diabetes
5) family history
6) Obesity
7) Physical inactivity
8) age
9) male
What is the pathogenesis of venous thrombosis?
1) Venous stasis
2) Hypercoagulable state
“Thrombi are mostly composed of fibrin with a lesser role for platelet accumulation and aggregation” - Is this venous / arterial thrombus?
Venous thrombosis
What are the risk factors of VTE?
- active cancer treatment
- age over 60 years
- dehydration
- surgery
- oestrogen containing contraceptive
- obesity
- immobility
- pregnancy
Name some anticoagulant factors?
- Protein C
- Protein S
- Anti-thrombin III
- Fibrinolytic system
What is thrombophilia?
Thrombophilias are familial or acquired disorders of the haemostatic mechanism which are likely to predispose to thrombosis
What are the heritable thrombophilias?
- Antithrombin deficiency
- Protein C deficiency
- Protein S deficiency
what type of thrombophilia is acquired thrombophilia?
Antiphospholipid syndrome
What are the clinical features of thrombophilia?
1) DVT
2) PE
3) superficial thrombophlebitis
4) Thrombosis of cerebral, axillary veins.
5) Arterial thrombosis
What is the most common familial thrombophilia?
Factor V Leiden
What inherited condition causes increased prothrombin levels?
Prothrombin 20210A
Antiphospholipid Syndrome
isorder of the immune system that causes an increased risk of blood clots.
