The Skin & Its Lesions Flashcards
Parts of the skin
• Keratinocytes secrete (soluble or insoluble?) molecules such as _______ and _______ that regulate _______ immune responses
soluble ; cytokines
defensins ; cutaneous
Parts of the skin
Melanocytes within the ________ are responsible for the production of ________, a ________ pigment that absorbs and protects against potentially ________ ____________ radiation in ________.
epidermis; melanin
brown; injurious
ultraviolet (UV) radiation
sunlight.
Parts of the skin
Dendritic cells:
– one of the first lines of defense against micro-organisms
– Secrete factors that _______ innate immune system
– function as _________________cell
augment
an antigen presenting cell
Parts of the skin
• ________cytes
• _______ cells
• Skin __________
• Lymphocytes
• Merkel cells
• Skin adnexae
Categories of skin lesions
• Inflammatory
– Acute
– Chronic
• __________
• _________
• __________
• ______________
Infectious
Non-infectious
Blistering
Non-blistering
Categories of skin lesions
• Neoplastic
– ___________
– ________
– ___________
– Benign
– Premalignant
– Malignant
Categories of skin lesions
Disordersof pigmentation
– ________ ________
– ________ ________
– ________/________ noma
– Benign nevus
– Dysplastic nevus
– Melanoma/Melanocarci noma
Categories of skin lesions
List 3
Inflammatory
Neoplastic
Disordersof pigmentation
______ is the Largest organ in the body
Skin
First line of defense against infections and physical agents is???
Skin
Skin
Endocrine functions of synthesizing ________ under sun exposure
vitamin D
Classification of malignant skin tumours
• Tumors of ___________
• Tumors of ___________
• Tumors of ___________
• Tumors of ___________
• Tumors of keratinocytes
• Tumors of melanocytes
• Tumors of Merkel cells
• Tumors of Langerhans cells
Classification of malignant skin tumors
• Tumors of keratinocytes –___________,_________
• Tumors of melanocytes –_______________
• Tumors of Merkel cells –____________
• Tumors of Langerhans cells –________________
Squamous cell carcinoma – Basal cell carcinoma
Malignant melanoma
Merkel cell carcinoma
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Epidemiology of skin cancers
• Melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC)
– most common types of cancer in (white or black?) populations.
– _____easing incidence rate worldwide
– ______/_________ mortality rate
white
increasing
Stable/decreasing
Most rapidly increasing cancer in white
populations is??
Melanoma
Most common skin cancer in Nigeria is ???
Melanoma
Melanoma
•___-fold increase in incidence rates over last ____ decades
• More in (males or females?) than (males or females?)
5
3
More in males than females
Melanoma
• ________ if detected and treated at it’s earliest stage
• Mainly arises from the _____ and are found in the ____ exposed areas
Curable
skin
sun
Most deadly of all skin cancers is??
Melanoma
Melanoma: Other Sites of Origin
• ______ and ________ mucosal surfaces
• __________
• ________
• _____ of the eye
Oral and anogenital
Oesophagus
Meninges
Uvea
Melanoma: Risk factor
• Mostly ________
• Related to ________ predisposing environmental factor- ________________________________________
sporadic
a single ; Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR) damage from sun exposure.
UVR is strongly linked with DNA damage
T/F
T