Breast Pathology Flashcards
DISEASES OF THE BREAST
INFLAMMATORY BREAST DISEASE
• _____,_________ ,_________
FIBROCYSTIC CHANGE
• _________ change
• ______ _________
BENIGN TUMORS OF BREAST
• ______________
BREAST CANCER
• _______ carcinoma
• _________ carcinoma
• carcinoma _________
Acute, Chronic, Fat necrosis
• fibrocystic change
• epithelial hyperplasia
fibroadenoma
• ductal carcinoma
• lobular carcinoma
• carcinoma in situ
Anatomy of the breast
▪ A modified ________ gland; adapted for ________ production
▪ Composed of ________ and ________ organized into (small or large?) subdivisions - ________.
sweat ; milk
ducts and glands
small; lobules.
Anatomy of the breast
Glands drain into (small or large?) ducts that merge into (small or large?) ___________ ducts at the _________ .
The stroma is mostly _________ plus network of (thin or thick?) _________ ligaments.
small
large lactiferous
nipple.
fat ; thin
Anatomy of the breast
Stroma and glands are Both sensitive to cyclical female hormones (________ and _________ )
accounts for increase in size at _________ and changes during the __________________
oestrogen ; progesterone
puberty ;menstrual cycle
Anatomy/Physiology of the breast
The breast lymphatic network mostly drains to the _________ nodes
Lymphatics from the medial aspect drain into the _________ _________ nodes
axillary nodes
internal mammary nodes
Anatomy/physiology of the breast
During pregnancy, _____-secreting cells develop (______ induced ) and secretion begins immediately after birth
If breast feeding fails to occur, _________ ___________ atrophies
milk ; prolactin
glandular epithelium
INFLAMMATORY DISEASE
Acute mastitis
▪acute infection of the _______
▪ (Common or Uncommon?)
▪Most occur in _______ women
▪Typically caused by _______ or _______ organisms
breast; Uncommon
lactating ; staphylococcus
streptococcus
INFLAMMATORY DISEASE
Acute mastitis
▪ Access usually through ________ breast ducts plugged with ________ ________
▪Staph infection usually produces ________
▪ strep infection tends to be more (focal or diffuse?) and produces generalized ________, ________, and ________.
dilated ; mammary secretions.
An abscess
diffuse ; generalized
swelling, tenderness, and pain.
Inflammation
Chronic breast inflammation
▪Usually associated with _______ change
▪May present with _____ on _______
▪ Infectious causes include _____ in our environment
fibrocystic change
pain ; palpation
TB
Inflammation
Fat necrosis
▪ (Usual or Unusual?) type of necrosis that occurs only in fat (mimics _______)
▪Cause often unknown
▪ Many cases can be traced to _______
Unusual
cance
trauma
Fibrocystic Change
▪Aka _______________
▪ Consists of _______ , _______ inflammation, and ____________
of breast ducts.
▪ ___% of women have some degree of fibrocystic change, only about _______ of these patients have any symptoms.
Fibrocystic Disease
fibrosis; chronic
cystic dilation
.
50% ; one quarter
Fibrocystic Change
Classification
▪______________
▪ ___________
▪ ______
▪ ___________
Non-proliferative
Proliferative
Usual
Atypical
Fibrocystic Change
Classification
____________ (increased risk of cancer)
____________– 5x increased risk of cancer
Proliferative
Atypical
Common Benign Tumors
▪____________
▪ ___________ Tumour - Benign
Fibroadenoma
Phyllodes
There is a spectrum from benign to ________ to ______ Phyllodes
Borderline
Malignant
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN FIBROADENOMA AND FIBROCYSTIC CHANGE
FA VS FC
Neoplasm
Circumcision
Capsule
Stroma
Inflammation
Solid or Cystic
Epithelial/stromal elements
Benign neoplastic lesion; Benign non-neoplastic
Well circumscribed lesion; diffuse lesion
Encapsulated; Not Encapsulated
Cellular ; fibrotic
Inflammation is not a usual histologic feature; Usually associated with inflammation
Usually solid lesion, cysts not a classical feature; usually cystic
Proliferating epithelial and stromal elements; Proliferation usually limited to epithelial component
Common Malignant Breast Tumors
▪Invasive ______ carcinoma
▪Invasive ______ carcinoma
ductal
lobular
Common Malignant Breast Tumors
Invasive ductal carcinoma
▪ Most are “ ____________(NST)”
▪ The remainder are given subtypes:
Invasive lobular carcinoma
▪ __________
▪ ___________
no specific type
Classic
Pleomorphic
Breast cancer
Originates from breast tissue, from the (inner or outer?) lining of
▪ breast ducts (______ carcinomas)or
▪ Breast lobules (_______ carcinomas)
Inner
Ductal
Lobular
________ cancer is the commonest cancer in women worldwide
The most commonly diagnosed cancer (surpassing ________ cancer) – Globocan 2020
▪___th leading cause of cancer death (6.9%)after ____________________________
▪ Accounts for ____% of all cancers and ____% of cancers in
women
Breast cancer; Lung
5
Lung and GI cancers (colorectal, liver, stomach)
15% ; 30%
Breast cancer
It affects (men or women?) much less frequently but they tend to have
(poorer or better?) outcomes
men
poorer