Gasrict Tumor Flashcards
Benign gastric tumours-mesenchymal
List 5
Fibroma
Lipoma
Neurofibroma
Leiomyoma
Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST)
Benign gastric tumours-epithelial
List 3
Adenomas
Malignant Gastric Tumours: epithelial
Mainly _______
Represents _____-___% of all malignant gastric tumours
adenocarcinoma
90-95
Malignant Gastric Tumours: mesenchymal
__________ or ________
Malignant GIST
Leiomyosarcoma et
Gastric Cancer- Epidemiology
Gastric cancer is the ____ most common malignancy worldwide accounting for 5.6% of total the _____ leading cause of cancer death (7.7%) in both sexes worldwide
5th ; 4th
Gastric Cancer- Epidemiology
The highest occurs in _____ while the lowest incidences are found in ——— and _______
Over ____% occurs of the world total occurs in Asia
Asia
Africa and Northern America
75
Age and Gender prevalence
In Nigeria:
Peak age prevalence- _____-______yrs-
M:F ratio is ___:____
81% of our cases occur above ____yrs
55-65
2:1
45
Risk factor-Helicobacter pylori
Hp has been categorized as a class- ___ carcinogen.
A
H.pylori
is a _______ shaped ,
Oxygen: _________
gram- _____ bacterium discovered in 1983.
spiral
microaerophilic
negative
African Enigma
The prevalence of Hp in Africa is ____ (about ____%)and infection occurs (early or late?) in childhood
Despite this, gastric cancer incidence is (low or high?) with ASR of less than 4.5 compared to 12 per 100,000 in South-East Asia
High; 90; early ;low
most strains of Hp are positive for the virulent factors, and there is a consistent association with GC
T/F
F
Although most strains of Hp are positive for the virulent factors, there is no consistent association with GC
African Enigma
This phenomenon of _____________________ in spite of _______ prevalence of Hp infection is what is referred to as African Enigma
low prevalence of GC
high
EBV associated Gastric Cancer
Accounts for ____% of gastric carcinoma worldwide
10
EBV associated Gastric Cancer
Distinct characteristics
(Male or Female?) predominance,
(Proximal or Distal ?) stomach,
Most often _______-type gastric carcinomas.
Male
Proximal
diffuse
Dietary Risk factors for gastric cancer
High _____ diet
Nitrate, nitrite and N-nitroso compounds, and benzopyerene
Lack of _________ and _______
salt
fresh fruit and leafy vegetables
Dietary Risk factors for gastric cancer
Lack of _______
Lack of _________- Vitamin C, E , A, selenium, etc
_______ and ______ foods
refrigeration
antioxidants
Smoked and salted
↑Salt in diet→ ———- of _________
destruction of mucosa barrier
Environmental & occupational Risk factors
alcohol,
Cigarette smoking.
iodizing radiation
coal,
tin mining,
steel, iron and rubber manufacturing industries increase risk
Okay?🌚🌚
Genetic syndromes associated with Gastric cancer
_______________________ cancer
______________________
___________ and ___________ of the stomach
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal
Familial adenomatous polyposis(MLH1, MSH2,MSH6)
Gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis
Genetic syndromes associated with Gastric cancer
_________-associated polyposis
_____________ syndrome
_______-_______ syndrome
__________ syndrome
MUTYH
Juvenile polyposis
Peutz–Jegher
Li–Fraumeni
Host factors that predispose to gastric cancer
Chronic ___________,
__________ —————-
__________ anemia
_________ oesophagus.
atrophic gastritis
Autoimmune gastritis
Pernicious
Barrett’s
Host factors that predispose to gastric cancer
Gastric ________
______ ________ – [reflux]
Peptic!______ <1%
adenomas
Partial gastrectomy
ulcer
Gastric cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer mortality worldwide.
T/F
T
Gastric cancer
Risk factors can be _______ and ________
modifiable and nonmodifiable