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BMSC Regional Gross Anatomy 2 > The hard and soft palate > Flashcards

The hard and soft palate Flashcards

1
Q

what bones make up the hard palate

A

palatine parts of maxilla mainly and also 2 palatine bones that complete the posterior part

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2
Q

where is the soft palate

A

muscle and connective tissue handing from posterior border of hard palate

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3
Q

the small glands embedded into the mucosa covering the hard palate produce mucous - what are they innervated by?

A

facial nerve CN VII

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4
Q

what surface markings are found at the front of the hard palate

A

transverse palatine folds (rugae)

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5
Q

what is the line down the middle of the palate called

A

palatine raphe

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6
Q

what nerves and vessels supply the palate

A

greater palatine

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7
Q

where does the greater palatine artery arise

A

pterygopalatine fossa

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8
Q

the greater palatine artery is a branch of what

A

3rd part of the maxillary artery

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9
Q

the greater palatine artery descends in what to enter the palate via what

A

descends in the palatine canal to enter the palate via the greater palatine foramen

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10
Q

the greater palatine artery descends in the palatine canal to enter the palate via the

A

greater palatine foramen

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11
Q

the greater palatine nerves are branches of what

A

maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve

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12
Q

the greater palatine nerves are branches of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve from what ganglion

A

from the pterygopalatine (sphenopalatine) ganglion

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13
Q

the greater palatine nerves and vessels descend in what and enter via what

A

palatine canal

greater palatine foramen

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14
Q

what modality is CNV2

A

sensory

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15
Q

what branches of the greater palatine vessels and nerves pass posteriorly to supply the soft palate

A

lesser palatine vessels and nerves

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16
Q

the lesser palatine vessels and nerves are branches of what and supply what

A

branches of the greater palatine and supply the soft palate

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17
Q

blood to the palate is from

A

maxillary artery

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18
Q

sensory to the palate is from

A

CN V2

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19
Q

what is the name of the nerve at the anterior most point of the palate

A

nasopalatine nerve

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20
Q

what is the palatine aponeurosis function

A

attaches to the hard palate - tough connective tissue and helps to strengthen the soft palate and provide a site for muscle attachment

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21
Q

there are _ muscles that move the soft palate in response to food/fluid in the oral cavity

A

5

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22
Q

what happens if the soft palate is touched unexpectedly

A

gag reflex - muscles of the pharynx try and expel the unexpected item

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23
Q

what is the sensory arm of the gag reflex

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

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24
Q

what are the muscles of the soft palate

A 
levator veli palatini
tensor veli palatini
musculus uvulae 
palatoglossus
palatopharyngeus
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25
Q

what are the attachments of levator veli palatini

A

from the petrous temporal bone and cartilage of auditory tube to the palatine aponeurosis

26
Q

what is the function of levator veli palatini

A

acts to raise the soft palate

27
Q

what are the attachments of tensor veli palatini

A

from cartilage of auditory tube, wraps a tendon around the pterygoid hamulus to the palatine aponeurosis

28
Q

tensor veli palatini wraps a tendon around what

A

pterygoid hamulus

29
Q

what is the pterygoid hamulus

A

small bony point of the medial pterygoid plate

30
Q

what is the function of tensor veli palatini

A

tenses the soft palate

31
Q

what is the musculus uvulae

A

muscular core of the uvula

32
Q

what are the attachments of the musculus uvulae

A

from the palatine bones to the palatine aponeurosis

33
Q

what is the function of the musculus uvulae

A

elevates and retracts the uvula

34
Q

what are the attachments of palatoglossus

A

from the palatine aponeurosis to the tongue

35
Q

what muscle forms the anterior arch in the oral cavity

A

palatoglossus

36
Q

what is the function of palatoglossus

A

elevates the tongue and helps to close the oral cavity from the oropharynx

37
Q

what are the attachments of palatopharyngeus

A

from the wall of the pharynx to the palatine aponeurosis

38
Q

what muscle forms the posterior arch of the oral cavity

A

palatopharyngeus

39
Q

what is the function of palatopharyngeus

A

elevates the pharynx and moves the pharyngeal wall forwards towards the soft palate

40
Q

all muscles of the soft palate are innervated by what except what

A

cranial part of the accessory nerve running in the vagus nerve in the pharyngeal plexus (vagus in the pharyngeal plexus in some texts) except Tensor veli palatini

41
Q

what is the innervation of all of the muscles of the soft palate except tensor veli palatini

A

cranial part of the accessory nerve running in the vagus nerve in the pharyngeal plexus (vagus in the pharyngeal plexus in some texts)

42
Q

what is the innervation of tensor veli palatini

A

CN V3

43
Q

what muscle of the soft palate is the odd one out in terms of innervation

A

tensor veli palatini

44
Q

what is the innervation of musculus uvulae

A

CN X in pharyngeal plexus

45
Q

what is the innervation of levator veli palatini

A

CN X in pharyngeal plexus

46
Q

what is the innervation of palatoglossus

A

CN X in pharyngeal plexus

47
Q

what is the innervation of palatopharyngeus

A

CN X in pharyngeal plexus

48
Q

the hard and soft palates receive blood from the greater palatine (Gives lesser palatine) artery and what other artery?

A

ascending palatine branch of the facial artery

49
Q

veins of the hard and soft palates drain

A

to the pterygoid venous plexus

50
Q

lymph from the hard and soft palates drains

A

mainly deep cervical nodes

51
Q

sensory nerves of the hard and soft palate are branches of

A

greater/lesser palatine (CNV2) and also from the CN IX

52
Q

the facial nerve sends fibres to the pterygopalatine ganglion via

A

greater petrosal nerve and nerve of the pterygoid canal

53
Q

the facial nerve sends fibres into the pterygopalatine ganglion which join with the what to supply the small glands of the palate

A

CN V2

54
Q

why might someone have a very narrow mandible

A

edentulous individuals (lost teeth) due to bone absorption

55
Q

how many permanent teeth are there

A

32 (16 each jaw)

56
Q

the upper teeth and gums are supplied by

A

CN V2

57
Q

the lower teeth and gums are supplied by

A

CN V3

58
Q

the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve gives what branch that passes through the mandibular foramen

A

inferior alveolar nerve

59
Q

what branches does the inferior alveolar nerve give to the bottom teeth

A

dental branches

incisive branch

60
Q

the superior alveolar nerve comes from where

A

CN V2

61
Q

the superior alveolar nerves have what divisons

A

posterior middle and anterior

62
Q

what is the blood supply of the teeth and gums

A

alveolar branches of the maxillary artery

- inferior alveolar and posterior superior alveolar

BMSC Regional Gross Anatomy 2 (36 decks)

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