Gluteal region and hip Flashcards
what structure divides the greater and lesser sciatic notch
ischial spine
what part of the hip bone will bear the weight of the hip bone when seated
ischial tuberosity
what is the bony projection of the ischium inferiorly
ischial tuberosity
the sacrospinous ligament goes between
the sacrum and the ischial spine
the sacrotuberous ligament goes between the
sacrum and ischial tuberosity
what is the name of the angle found between the long axis of the head and neck of the femur and the long axis of the shaft
angle of inclination
what does the angle of inclination mean in terms of the orientation of the proximal and distal ends of the femur
the distal end of the femur is more medial than the proximal end
the angle of inclination of the femur is greater/less than 90 degrees
greater than
what is the angle of anteversion/torsion
angle found between the axis of the femoral head and neck and the transverse axis of the femoral condyles
what is the angle of anteversion of the femur
12 degrees
what connects the greater and lesser trochanters anteriorly
intertrochanteric line
what connects the greater and lesser trochanters posteriorly
intertrochanteric crest
what are the 3 groups of muscles of the gluteal region
- lateral rotators of the hip
- medial rotators and abductors of the hip
- support
what are the lateral rotators of the hip in the gluteal region
gluteus maximus piriformis obturator internus gemelli quadratus femoris
gluteus maximus is a lateral rotator of the hip and also
an extensor
what are the medial rotators and abductors of the hip in the gluteal region
gluteus medius and minimus
what muscle in the gluteal region is there for support
tensor fascia latae
what are the attachments of gluteus maximus
sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament and ilium behind posterior gluteal line –> 3/4 to the the iliotibial tract and 1/4 to the gluteal tuberosity of femur
what is the function of gluteus maximus
extends hip
assists with lateral rotation
what is the innervation of gluteus maximus
L5 S1 S2
what are the attachments of tensor fascia latae
anterior iliac crest and ASIS –> to the iliotibial tract
what is the function of tensor fascia latae
tenses fascia latae and iliotibial tract; supports femur on tibia during standing
what is the innervation of tensor fascia latae
superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
what are the attachments of gluteus medius
ilium between posterior and anterior gluteal lines –> to the greater trochanter of the femur (lateral surface)
what is the function of gluteus medius
abducts and medially rotates hip
what is the innervation of gluteus medius
superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
what are the attachments of gluteus minimus
ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines –> to the greater trochanter of the femur (anterior surface)
what is the function of gluteus minimus
abducts and medially rotates the hip
what is the innervation of gluteus minimus
superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
what muscle is found deep to gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
how can gluteus medius and minimus produce medial rotation of the hip
because of the angle of torsion; greater trochanter is actually positioned slightly posterior to the position of the head of the femur and so attachments of these muscles will actually be slightly anterior to the axis of movement
what are the attachments of piriformis
anterior sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament –> to the greater trochanter of the femur (superior border)
what foramen does piriformis pass through
greater sciatic foramen
what is the function of piriformis
lateral rotation of the hip
what is the innervation of piriformis
anterior rami of S1 S2 (direct)
what are the attachments of obturator internus
pelvis surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones –> to the medial side of the greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa)
obturator internus passes through what foramen
lesser sciatic foramen
what muscle passes through the greater sciatic foramen
piriformis