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BMSC Regional Gross Anatomy 2 > Parotid gland > Flashcards

Parotid gland Flashcards

1
Q

how does the parotid gland vary between individuals

A

in size and shape and some have accessory glandular tissue that usually follows the path of the parotid duct across the cheek

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2
Q

what kind of tissue is the parotid gland

A

salivary gland - serous acini only

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3
Q

the duct of the salivary gland leaves the ____ side of the gland and crosses the anterior surface of ____

A

large duct that leaves the medial side of the gland and crosses the anterior surface of masseter

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4
Q

where is the duct of the parotid gland found

A

single duct 1 finger’s breadth below zygomatic arch

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5
Q

the parotid gland has a dense fibrous capsule that extends as what

A

stylomandibular ligament

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6
Q

the stylomandibular ligament intervenes between what

A

parotid and submandibular salivary glands

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7
Q

the duct of the parotid gland takes a sharp medial turn to pierce ____ to enter oral cavity where

A

buccal fat pad and buccinator

enter oral cavity at upper second molar

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8
Q

where does the duct of the parotid gland enter the oral cavity

A

upper second molar

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9
Q

when is the parotid gland palpable

A

if tense masseter muscle

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10
Q

what is the function of saliva

A

lubricate oral cavity and create a smooth food bolus that is easier to swallow

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11
Q

what is the parotid gland innervated with

A

parasympathetic secretomotor innervation from the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

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12
Q

what is buccinator

A

muscle of facial expression that forms the lateral walls of the oral cavity

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13
Q

how does the facial nerve exit the skull

A

via the stylomastoid foramen

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14
Q

the facial nerve passes into the parotid gland and does what

A

divides the gland into superficial and deep parts

Divides into branches that leave the gland and pass across the face to supply the muscles of facial expression

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15
Q

what supplies motor the muscles of facial expression

A

facial nerve CN VII

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16
Q

what are the branches of the facial nerve that arise from the parotid gland

A 
temporal
zygomatic
buccal
marginal mandibular
cervical
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17
Q

what is the branch of the facial nerve that passes posterior to the auricle

A

posterior auricular

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18
Q

what does the posterior auricular nerve supply

A

posterior belly of occiptofrontalis (muscle of scalp that is also classes as a muscle of facial expression)

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19
Q

what is found deep to the facial nerve within the parotid gland

A

retromandibular vein

external carotid artery

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20
Q

the superficial temporal vein drains the scalp and joins with the _____ vein to form the ______ vein

A

the superficial temporal vein drains the scalp and joins with the maxillary vein to form the retromandibular vein within the parotid

21
Q

what vein forms within the parotid and from what

A

retromandibular vein forms within the parotid from the superficial temporal vein and the maxillary vein

22
Q

the retromandibular vein contributes to what

A

formation of external jugular vein

23
Q

what artery enters the parotid gland and divides to form its terminal branches

A

external carotid artery

24
Q

what are the terminal branches of the external carotid artery

A

superficial temporal artery and maxillary artery

25
Q

what does the superficial temporal artery supply

A

scalp

26
Q

where does the maxillary artery pass

A

into the infratemporal fossa

27
Q

what is the deepest structure in the parotid gland

A

auriculotemporal nerve

28
Q

the auriculotemporal nerve is a branch of what

A

branch of the trigeminal nerve

29
Q

the auriculotemporal nerve runs with what

A

superficial temporal vessels

30
Q

what are other superficial vessels in the face

A

posterior auricular vessels
transverse facial artery
facial vessels

31
Q

what divides the parotid gland into deep and superficial parts

A

facial nerve CN VII

32
Q

what nerve lies superficial to the parotid gland

A

greater auricular nerve

33
Q

what muscle lies deep to the parotid gland

A

superior constrictor of pharynx

34
Q

the parotid gland has lymph nodes that drain what

A

the gland

part of forehead and orbital region

35
Q

what are the main groups of lymph nodes of the head and neck

A 
parotid
mastoid
occipital
deep cervical
superficial cervical
submental
submandibular
36
Q

the secretomotor parasympathetic nerves that supply the parotid gland are from what

A

glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX

37
Q

why do the parasympathetic nerves to the parotid gland need to hitch a lift with part of the trigeminal nerve

A

main part of glossopharyneal nerve doesnt pass into the face

38
Q

the trigeminal nerve (CN V) supplies what

A

sensory to face

39
Q

the glossopharyngeal nerve exits the skull via

A

jugular foramen

40
Q

post-ganglionic sympathetic fibres to the parotid gland are from where

A

plexus around ECA

41
Q

as the glossopharyngeal nerve exits the skull via the jugular foramen, some preganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibres leave the mean part of the nerve to form

A

tympanic part

42
Q

the tympanic part of the glossopharyngeal nerve passes where

A

into a plexus in the middle ear

43
Q

the tympanic part of the glossopharyngeal nerve passes into a plexus in the middle ear, from this plexus a nerve called the ____ is formed

A

lesser petrosal nerve

44
Q

from what is the lesser petrosal formed

A

plexus in the middle ear

45
Q

the lesser petrosal nerve joins what

A

otic ganglion

46
Q

where is the otic ganglion

A

lies at the opening of the foramen ovale

47
Q

what happens in the otic ganglion

A

pre-ganglionic nerves from the glossopharyngeal nerve synpase with post-ganglionic parasympathetic nerves

48
Q

the post-ganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibres from the otic ganglion are carried by what nerve

A

auriculotemporal nerve (branch of trigeminal)

49
Q

what carries parasympathetic innervation to the deep part of the parotid gland

A

auriculotemporal nerve carries post-synaptic parasympathetic nerve fibres from the otic ganglion

BMSC Regional Gross Anatomy 2 (36 decks)

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