Joints of the foot Flashcards
what are the two arches of the foot
longitudinal and transverse
what is the function of the arches of the feet
distribute weight
shock absorption
spring boards
is the medial or lateral arch of the longitudinal arch higher
medial is higher
how do the arches provide shock absorption
forces transmitted through the foot causing it to deform - arches flatten, disipates force
how do the arches act as spring boards
elastic recoil from ligaments and muscles resuming shape after deforming provides spring board quality
what are the bones of the transverse arch
cuneiforms and cuboid (tarsal arch)
metatarsals (metatarsal arch)
what structures support the transverse arch
tendon of tibialis posterior
tendon of peroneus longus
adductor hallucis muscle
deep transverse metatarsal ligament
what structures support the tarsal arch of the transverse arch
tendon of tibialis posterior
tendon of peroneus longus
what structures support the metatarsal arch of the transverse arch
adductor hallucis muscle
what structures support the anterior arch of the transverse arch
deep transverse metatarsal ligament
what are the bones of the lateral arch of the longitudinal arch
calcaneus
cuboid
metatarsals 4 and 5
does the medial or lateral arch rest on the ground when standing
lateral
what are the bones of the medial arch of the longitudinal arch
calcaneus talus navicular 3 cuneiforms metatarsals 1-3
what bone is common to both arches of the longitudinal arch
calcaneus
what is the keystone of the longitudinal arch
talus
what provides dynamic support for the longitudinal arch
intrinsic muscles of the foot
flexor hallucis longus
flexor digitorum longus
what provides passive support to the longitudinal arch
plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament short plantar ligament (calcaneocuboid) long plantar ligament plantar aponeurosis
where is the plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament
between calcaneus and navicular just inferior to head of talus
what is the function of the calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament
helps support the head of the talus which is the highest point of the medial arch
the long plantar ligament is slightly _______ to the short plantar ligament
long plantar ligament is slightly more superficial to short
the weight going through the foot is distributed almost equally by ____ between what
trochlea of talus
calcaneus and heads of metatarsals
does the medial arch flatten when walking
not completely
what is the large impression on the medial side of the foot from
sesamoid bones of 1st metatarsal and head of 2nd metatarsal
what is the function of the sesamoid bones in FHB muscle tendon
creates a space for tendon of FHL when walking
what joints make up the transverse (mid) tarsal joint
talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints
how many cuneonavicular joints are there
3
what is the tarsometatarsal joint formed at the medial cuneiform
medial cuneiform to 1st metatarsal