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BMSC Regional Gross Anatomy 2 > Posterior triangle of the neck > Flashcards

Posterior triangle of the neck Flashcards

1
Q

what are the attachments of platysma

A

from fascia above pectoralis major and clavicle to lateral neck and onto mandible

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2
Q

what is the innervation of platysma

A

facial nerve CN VII

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3
Q

what is the anterior border of the posterior triangle

A

posterior border of sternocleidomastoid

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4
Q

what is the base of the posterior triangle

A

clavicle

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5
Q

what is the posterior boundary of the posterior triangle

A

anterior border of trapezius

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6
Q

what are the contents of the posterior triangle

A
  • external jugular vein
  • roots of brachial plexus
  • accessory nerve
  • some sensory nerves of cervical plexus
  • cervical and supraclavicular lymph nodes
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7
Q

describe the floor of the posterior triangle

A

muscular

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8
Q

what nerve passes from beneath SCM to ascend the neck towards the suboccipital region

A

lesser occipital

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9
Q

what is the path of the lesser occipital nerve

A

passes from beneath SCM to ascend the neck towards the suboccipital region

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10
Q

what nerves supply the skin on the lateral side of the neck and clavicle

A

supraclavicular nerves

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11
Q

what do the supraclavicular nerves supply

A

the skin on the lateral side of the neck and clavicle

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12
Q

what nerve passes from beneath SCM to cross anterior surface of this muscle

A

greater auricular nerve

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13
Q

what is the path of the greater auricular nerve

A

passes from beneath SCM to cross anterior surface of this muscle

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14
Q

what does the greater auricular nerve accompany

A

external jugular vein

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15
Q

what is the route of the lesser occipital nerve

A

C2

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16
Q

what is the route of the greater auricular nerve

A

C2 C3

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17
Q

what are the 3 supraclavicular nerves

A

lateral

intermediate and medial

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18
Q

what is the route of the lateral supraclavicular nerve

A

C3 4

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19
Q

what is the route of the intermediate supraclavicular nerve

A

C3 4

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20
Q

what is the route of the medial supraclavicular nerve

A

C3 4

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21
Q

what is the route of the transverse cervical nerve

A

C2 3

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22
Q

what nerve supplies cutaneous innervation to back of the head

A

greater occipital

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23
Q

what nerve supplies cutaneous innervation to back of the neck

A

posterior rami of C3-5

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24
Q

what nerve supplies cutaneous innervation to behind the ear

A

lesser occipital

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25
what nerve supplies cutaneous innervation to lobe of ear and below ear
greater auricular
26
what nerve supplies cutaneous innervation to lateral neck and clavicle
supra-clavicular
27
what nerve supplies cutaneous innervation to anterolateral neck
transverse cutaneous nerves of neck (C2 3)
28
the external jugular vein is formed by the union of
posterior auricular vein and posterior division of the retromandibular vein
29
the external jugular vein crosses anterior surface of ___ to pass into the posterior triangle
crosses anterior surface of SCM to pass into the posterior triangle
30
the external jugular vein crosses the anterior surface of SCM to pass into the posterior triangle and cross ___ surface of ___ to reach the ___ vein deep in the root of the neck
cross anterior surface of posterior belly of omohyoid to reach the subclavian vein deep in the root of the neck
31
what is the route of the external jugular vein
crosses anterior surface of SCM to pass into the posterior triangle and cross anterior surface of posterior belly of omohyoid to reach the subclavian vein deep in the root of the neck
32
the internal jugular vein lies _____ to SCM in what triangle
posterior to SCM in anterior triangle
33
what vein may be in the midline or may be absent
anterior jugular midline
34
what nerve can be seen near the posterior boundary of the posterior triangle passing between SCM and trapezius
spinal accessory nerve CN XI
35
what does spinal accessory nerve supply
trapezius and sternocleidomastoid with motor innervation
36
where does the external jugular vein start and stop
angle of mandible to subclavian vein
37
what muscle is found crossing the posterior triangle deep
posterior belly of omohyoid
38
what small vessels cross the posterior triangle immediately posterior to omohyoid
transverse cervical and suprascapular vessels
39
what else is found deep in the posterior triangle
roots of the brachial plexus and phrenic nerve
40
what are the roots of the phrenic nerve
C3 4 5
41
the phrenic nerve crosses the anterior surface of what muscle
anterior scalene in the root of the neck
42
what are the roots of the brachial plexus
C5-T1
43
what is the path of the roots of the brachial plexus
arise from C5-T1 and cross through the posterior triangle to pass under the clavicle and into axilla
44
what triangle does SCM lie in
neither - forms boundary between
45
what are the attachments of SCM
mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line, clavicle and sternum (clavicular head and sternal head)
46
what gives motor innervation to SCM
spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
47
what gives proprioceptive innervation to SCM
cervical plexus C2 C3
48
what structures cross SCM
external jugular vein and the greater auricular nerve
49
lateral flexion brings the head in what direction
closer to the shoulder
50
extension pulls the head in what direction
backwards
51
flexion brings the head in what direction
chin to chest
52
what movements can SCM create
- lateral flexion with rotation - extension at atlanto-occipital joints - flexion of cervical vertebrae
53
what are the 3 parts of trapezius
superior part - descending part middle part - transverse part inferior part - ascending part
54
what is the function of the descending (superior) part of trapezius
elevate scapular, rotate glenoid cavity
55
what is the function of the transverse part of the trapezius
retract scapula
56
what is the function of the ascending (inferior) part of trapezius
depress scapula
57
what is the motor innervation of trapezius
spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
58
what is the proprioceptive innervation of trapezius
cervical plexus C3 C4
59
what is the function of trapezius
holds scapula in place - weightlifting
60
what are the attachments of trapezius
Superior nuchal line, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12 to lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
61
the posterior belly of what muscle passes through the posterior triangle
omohyoid
62
what forms the floor of the posterior triangle of the neck
splenius capitis levator scapulae middle scalene anterior scalene
63
what is the function of omohyoid
depress hyoid bone
64
what innervates the omohyoid bone
ansa cervicalis
65
what is the function of splenius capitis
extend and rotate neck
66
what is the inneration of splenius capitis
dorsal rami of middle cervical nerves
67
what are the attachments of levator scapulae
Transverse processes of atlas and axis, 3rd and 4th Cervical vertebrae to medial scapular border between superior angle and medial end of scapular spine
68
what is the function of levator scapulae
help control scapular position elevate shoulder (with trapezius) when shoulder is fixed levator scapulae can laterally flex the neck to the same side
69
when the shoulder is fixed what can levator scapulae do
laterally flex the neck to same side
70
what is the innervation of the levator scapulae
direct C3 4 5 via dorsal scapular nerve
71
what is the function of the scalene muscles
flex neck (bilateral) tilt head to same side (unilateral) elevate upper ribs
72
what are the attachments of the scalenes as a whole
transverse processes of cervical vertebra to ribs 1 and 2
73
what are the attachments of anterior scalene
transverse processes of C3-6 to scalene tubercle on rib 1
74
what are the attachments of middle scalene
transverse processes of C2-7 to rib 1 behind subclavian artery groove
75
what are the attachments of posterior scalene
transverse processes of C4-6 to rib 2
76
what is the innervation of anterior scalene
anterior rami C4-7
77
what is the innervation of middle scalene
anterior rami C3-7
78
what is the innervation of posterior scalene
anterior rami C5-7
79
where do the roots of the brachial plexus lie in the posterior triangle
between anterior and middle scalene
80
why is posterior scalene harder to see in dissection
partially obscured by middle scalene
81
what crosses anterior scalene
phrenic nerve

BMSC Regional Gross Anatomy 2 (36 decks)

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