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BMSC Regional Gross Anatomy 2 > Anterior and middle compartment of the thigh > Flashcards

Anterior and middle compartment of the thigh Flashcards

1
Q

what are the rules of movement for the hip

A

follows general rules - if a muscle crosses the anterior surface of a joint it flexes it, but if it crosses the posterior surface of a joint is extends it

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2
Q

what are the rules of movement for the knee

A

opposite to general rules - quadriceps cross anterior surface but they extend the knee, hamstrings cross the posterior surface and they flex the knee

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3
Q

what compartment of the thigh is the smallest

A

posterior

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4
Q

what is the action of the anterior compartment of the thigh

A

flex hip

extend knee

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5
Q

what is the function of the medial compartment of the thigh

A

adduct hip

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6
Q

what is the function of the posterior compartment of the thigh

A

extend hip

flex knee

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7
Q

the fascia in the thigh divides the compartments by forming what

A

intermuscular septa

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8
Q

what is the name of the small indentation on the head of the femur for the attachment of a ligament

A

fovea

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9
Q

what connects the greater and lesser trochanter anteriorly

A

intertrochanteric line

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10
Q

what connects the greater and lesser trochanter posteriorly

A

intertrochanteric crest

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11
Q

which aspect of the shaft of the femur is smoother

A

the anterior aspect of the shaft of the femur is featureless and smooth while the posterior aspect has many features

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12
Q

what is the line on the posterior surface of the femur called

A

linea aspera

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13
Q

what is the line just inferior to the lesser trochanter

A

pectineal line

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14
Q

what are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh

A 
iliacus 
psoas major
pectineus 
sartorius 
quads group (rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius)
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15
Q

what are the hip flexors of the anterior compartment of the thigh

A

iliacus
psoas major
pectineus
sartorius

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16
Q

what are the knee extensors of the anterior compartment of the thigh

A

quadriceps muscles

  • rectus femoris
  • vastus medialis
  • vastus lateralis
  • vastus intermedius
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17
Q

what are the origins of iliacus

A

iliac crest
iliac fossa
ala of sacrum
anterior sacroiliac ligament

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18
Q

what is the insertion of iliacus

A

psoas tendon

lesser trochanter of femur

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19
Q

what is the innervation of iliacus

A

femoral nerve (L2, L3)

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20
Q

what is the function of iliacus

A

flex hip as iliopsoas

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21
Q

what is the origin of psoas major

A

T12-L5 vertebral bodies and IVDs, lumbar transverse processes

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22
Q

what is the insertion of psoas major

A

lesser trochanter of femur

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23
Q

what is the innervation of psoas major

A

anterior rami of L1-3

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24
Q

what is the function of psoas major

A

flex hip as iliopsoas and flex trunk or raise trunk from supine on its own

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25
when iliacus and psoas major pass towards the lesser trochanter they pass under what
inguinal ligament
26
what are the attachments of pectineus
superior ramus of pubis to the pectineal line of femur
27
what is the innervation of pectineus
femoral nerve (L2,3)
28
pectineus can occasionally receive branches from what nerve
obturator nerve
29
what is the function of pectineus
adduct and flex hip | assist with medial rotation
30
what are the attachments of sartorius
anterior superior iliac spine | to the superior part of the medial surface of the tibia
31
what is the innervation of sartorius
femoral nerve (L2,3)
32
what is the function of sartorius
flex, abduct, laterally rotate hip | flex knee
33
what is the origin of rectus femoris
AIIs | ilium above acetabulum
34
what is the origin of vastus lateralis
greater trochanter and lateral linea aspera
35
what is the origin of vastus medialis
intertrochanteric line and medial linea aspera
36
what is the origin of vastus intermedius
anterior and lateral shaft of femur
37
what is the insertion of the quadriceps muscles
form the quadriceps tendon which engulfs the patella and then forms patellar tendon which inserts onto the tibial tuberosity
38
what is the function of the quadriceps muscles
extend knee (rectus femoris also flexes hip)
39
the quads extend the knee but rectus femoris has another function what is this
flexes hip
40
what is the innervation of the quads
femoral nerve (L2,3,4)
41
which vastus muscle lies deep to rectus femoris
vastus intermedius
42
which quads muscle helps to resist lateral dislocation of the patella
vastus medialis
43
what are the roots of the femoral nerve
L2 3 4 posterior divisions of anterior rami
44
the femoral nerve passes ___ to the inguinal ligament, ___ to ASIS and on the tendon of _____
deep to inguinal ligament medial to ASIS on the tendon of iliopsoas
45
what are the branches of the femoral nerve
muscular branches supply the anterior thigh articular branches supply the hip and knee cutaneous branches supply the anteromedial thigh saphenous nerve
46
what is the saphenous nerve
terminal cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve that supplies the skin of the anteromedial knee, leg and foot
47
what is special about the saphenous nerve
it is the only nerve that innervates below the knee joint that is not derived from the sciatic nerve
48
what are the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh
``` gracilis adductor longus adductor brevis adductor magnus obturator externus ```
49
what is the function of the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh
hip adductors
50
what is the exception to the rule that the medial compartment of the thigh are all adductors
obturator externus is part of the adductor compartment but doesnt adduct
51
what are the attachments of gracilis
body and inferior ramus of pubis to the superior medial surface of the tibia
52
what is the innervation of grailis
obturator nerve (L2,3)
53
what is the function of gracilis
adducts hip | flexes knee
54
what are the attachments of adductor longus
body of pubis to the middle 1/3 of the linea aspera
55
what is the innervation of the adductor longus
obturator nerve (L2,3,4)
56
what is the function of adductor longus
adducts thigh
57
what muscle is found immediately deep to adductor longus
adductor brevis
58
what are the attachments of adductor brevis
body and inferior ramus of pubis to the pectineal line and proximal linea aspera
59
what is the innervation of adductor brevis
obturator nerve (L2,3,4)
60
what is the function of adductor brevis
adducts thigh and may assist flexion
61
what are the two parts of adductor magnus
hamstring part and adductor part
62
what is the hamstring part of adductor magnus
part that attaches to the ischial tuberosity
63
what are the attachments of adductor magnus
ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity to the linea aspera, medial supracondylar line and adductor tubercle
64
what is the innervation of adductor magnus
adductor part: obturator nerve (L2,3,4) | hamstring part: tibial division of sciatic nerve (L4)
65
what is the innervation of the adductor part of the adductor magnus
obturator nerve (L2,3,4)
66
what is the innervation of the hamstring part of the adductor magnus
tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L4)
67
what is the function of adductor magnus
adducts thigh
68
what is the function of the hamstring part of the adductor magnus
adducts and extends thigh
69
what is the function of the adductor part of adductor magnus
adducts and flexes thigh
70
obturator externus passes _____ to the neck of the femus
posterior
71
what is found in the attachment of adductor magnus to the femur
gap in attachment - important for vessels passing from anterior thigh into posterior popliteal fossa
72
what are the attachments of obturator externus
margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane to trochanteric fossa
73
what is the innervation of obturator externus
obturator nerve (L3,4)
74
what is the function of obturator externus
laterally rotates the thigh
75
what are the roots of the obturator nerve
anterior divisions of anterior rami of L2-4
76
describe the path of the obturator nerve in the pelvis
runs along the lateral wall of the pelvis to the obturator canal
77
the obturator nerve has anterior and posterior branches relative to what muscle
adductor brevis
78
the anterior branches of the obturator nerve supply what
adductor brevis adductor longus gracilis
79
the posterior branches of the obturator nerve supply what
adductor magnus | obturator externus
80
the anterior branch of the obturator nerve gives cutaneous supply to what
middle part of medial thigh
81
what does the adductor canal run between
apex of femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus
82
the adductor canal underlies the distal half of the ______ muscle
sartorius
83
what forms the roof of the adductor canal
sartorius
84
what forms the lateral wall of the adductor canal
vastus medialis
85
what forms the floor of the adductor canal
adductor longus
86
what is the contents of the adductor canal
femoral vessels and branches of femoral nerve, most notably saphenous nerve
87
how do the femoral artery, vein and saphenous branch of femoral nerve descend the anterior compartment of the thigh
inferior to sartorius muscle in the sub-sartorial (adductor) canal
88
the femoral vessels pass through the adductor hiatus to reach what
popliteal fossa
89
the saphenous nerve passes between what 2 muscles to supply the skin of the anteromedial knee, leg and foot
sartorius and gracilis
90
the femoral artery is a continuation of what
external iliac artery
91
describe the path of the femoral artery in the thigh
femoral triangle --> adductor canal --> adductor hiatus to become popliteal artery
92
what does the femoral artery supply
anterior and anteromedial thigh
93
what is a large branch of the femoral artery in the thigh
profunda femoris
94
what 2 branches does profunda femoris give off that wrap around the shaft of the femur
medial and lateral circumflex femoral branches
95
the profunda femoris artery is found
deep to adductor longus
96
profunda femoris artery gives off 3-4 perforating branches which go through which muscle and wrap around to supply the anterolateral aspect of the thigh
pierce adductor magnus
97
the obturator artery comes from what
internal iliac artery
98
how does the obturator artery enter the medial compartment of the thigh
through obturator foramen
99
what are the branches of the obturator artery
anterior and posterior branches
100
the anterior branch of the obturator artery supplies what
muscles of medial compartment of the thigh
101
the posterior branch of the obturator artery supplies what
muscles attaches to the ischial tuberosity
102
what forms the cruciate anastomosis
inferior gluteal artery medial and lateral circumflex femoral 1st perforating branch
103
what is the advantage of the cruciate anastomosis
it gets contribution from inferior gluteal artery which comes from internal iliac so there is an alternative path for blood into the thigh if there is a blockage in the proximal femoral artery

BMSC Regional Gross Anatomy 2 (36 decks)

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