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A-Level History > The Crusades Points Test 3 - The Establishment of the Crusader States, 1099-1144 > Flashcards

The Crusades Points Test 3 - The Establishment of the Crusader States, 1099-1144 Flashcards

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1
Q

What did Papal letters threaten to those who had sworn to join the 1st Crusade, who hasn’t fulfilled their vows by 1099?

A

Excommunication.

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2
Q

When did the first major expedition at supporting the fledgling crusader states take place?

A

1101.

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3
Q

Which leader had infamously fled Antioch, to the horror of his wide Adela, daughter of William the Conqueror?

A

Stephen of Blois.

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4
Q

Which battle did he lose his life at in May 1102, fighting with crusader forces in Egypt, finally fulfilling his oath?

A

Ramla.

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5
Q

Which 3 cities alone did Baldwin I hold at the start of his reign?

A

Jerusalem, Bethlehem and Jaffa.

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6
Q

Which leader of Antioch was actually captured by the Danishmends at this time, further increasing the jeopardy of the fledging crusader states, in July 1100?

A

Bohemond of Taranto/Antioch.

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7
Q

Which Italian city state provided vital maritime support in Baldwin I’s capture of Caesarea in May 1101?

A

Genoa.

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8
Q

Who was captured at the battle of Harran in May 1104 by Muslim forces?

A

Count Baldwin of Edessa.

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9
Q

What percentage of the Principality of Antioch was actually lost due to this battle?

A

60%.

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10
Q

Who did Bohemond of Taranto, after returning to Europe in 1106, marry to cement his authority to rally a crusade?

A

Princess Constance of France, daughter of Philip I.

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11
Q

Where was Bohemond’s crusade directed?

A

Byzantine lands/Durazzo.

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12
Q

What treaty marked this crusade’s defeat in 1108?

A

Treaty of Devol.

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13
Q

Who controlled Antioch, and preserved the principality?

A

Tancred of Lecce, Bohemond’s nephew.

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14
Q

In 1111, how did Muslim delegation from Aleppo protest in Baghdad at the lack of aid given in fight against Crusaders?

A

Drove preacher from pulpit in Mosque (Minabar) and broke it in pieces, preventing congregation from praying.
Did same to Caliph’s mosque in following Friday.

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15
Q

Which famous preacher in 1105 in Damascus criticised the Muslim world for failing to engage in Jihad?

A

Al-Sulami.

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16
Q

Which two religious Muslim works expressly mention Jihad as a duty of Muslims?

A

Quar’an and Hadith.

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17
Q

Which two elements are a part of Jihad?

A

Jihad al-Akbar (struggle within oneself)

Jihad al-Asghar (Defence and extension of House of Islam, Dar-al-Islam).

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18
Q

What was the Islamic name for all lands outside of Muslim governance in the early 12th century?

A

Dar al-harb (The House of War).

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19
Q

How many scholars/people attended the sermon?

A

Three or Four Scholars.

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20
Q

What strange 1114 alliance helped stave off expansion of Seljuks in Syria?

A

Antioch/Damascus/Mardin under Il-Ghazi.

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21
Q

When did Acre fall to KOJ?

A

1109.

22
Q

When was County of Tripoli formed?

A

1109.

23
Q

Where did Baldwin I build castle of Montreál in 1115?

A

Transjordan.

24
Q

When did Baldwin I die?

A

April 1118.

25
Q

On 28th June 1119, what battle inflicted a crushing defeat on Antiochene forces, losing 700 knights and 3,000 foot?

A

Battle of the Field of Blood (Ager Sanguinis).

26
Q

Who was the Muslim general who, allied to Tughtigin (the patron of Unur of Damascus), inflicted this defeat?

A

Il-Ghazi.

27
Q

What council assembled in January 1120 to deal with pressing secular/clerical matters in KOJ, particularly the defence of the realm?

A

Nablus.

28
Q

Of the 25 decrees agreed at Nablus, what were most based on?

A

Byzantine law codes.

29
Q

How did the Council of Nablus try to prevent sexual relations with Muslims?

A

Franks permitted to marry local Christians, even Islamic converts, but not Muslims.

30
Q

What, atypically for Latin culture, were clerical figures allowed by canon 20 of the codes of Nablus?

A

To bear arms (vital for founding of orders).

31
Q

Which Italian city-state helped in the 1124 Siege of Tyre, winning extensive rights there (though less than they thought, as Baldwin II didn’t want to surrender too much prerogative).

A

Venice.

32
Q

How many campaigns did Baldwin II lead in his 13 year rule?

A

19.

33
Q

Who did Baldwin II choose to marry his eldest of 4 daughters, Melisende?

A

Fulk of Anjou.

34
Q

When did Baldwin II die?

A

1131.

35
Q

In 1137-1138, who compelled Roger of Antioch to recognise his overlordship by marching an army to Antioch?

A

John Komnenos.

36
Q

What town did these powers jointly fail to capture?

A

Shaizar.

37
Q

What position did Zangi hold which enabled him to threaten the Crusader States?

A

Atabeg of Mosul/subsequently leader of Aleppo, in northern Syria (near to Antioch).

38
Q

When did Fulk of Anjou die?

A

1143.

39
Q

Why was it economically vital to tolerate Muslims living in Outremer?

A

Vital for agriculture/trade, without them economy would collapse in matter of months.

40
Q

What was the ethnic majority in Edessa?

A

Armenians.

41
Q

Which crusader state had the most amount of Muslims in it?

A

KOJ.

42
Q

What was the major presence of ethnicity in Antioch?

A

Greeks.43.

43
Q

What did Muslims have to pay to practice their religion in the KOJ?

A

Poll Tax.

44
Q

Which Muslim warrior/diplomat gives us fascinating insights into Islamic perspectives of Frankish culture/inter-faith relations? (E.g. the local Frankish knight who had an Egyptian cook and no longer ate Pork?).

A

Usama ibn Munqidh.

45
Q

Which later Muslim source expressed serious concern in 1183 that the Muslims working for Christians in KOJ appeared happier than those working in Muslim lands? (hint-from Spain).

A

Ibn Jubayr.

46
Q

What was the population of Jerusalem in early 12th century?

A

20,000.

47
Q

What was the most important city in terms of finance/economic/trading importance, with the annual income equivalent to the Kingdom of England?

A

Acre.

48
Q

What were the relative sizes of both orders, in terms of the number of mounted knights (as opposed to foot-soldiers/other troops) they raised?

A

300 each.

49
Q

Who wrote a work praising the Templars, De Lauda Novae Militiae?

A

Bernard of Claurvaux.

50
Q

What was the Hospital after which the order was named?

A

Hospital of St John in Jerusalem.

A-Level History (54 decks)

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