Stuart Britain Points Test 5- The Protectorate Flashcards
Why is very difficult to assess Cromwell’s political beliefs/motives?
He never made these clear/often not present at major events, though may have had a hand in them.
What action did Cromwell do when addressing barebones parliament in 1653, that makes many believe he was a man of great passion and conviction?
Cried!
How did Cromwell have what Blair Worden describe as ‘ideological schizophrenia’, that may explain his seemingly inconsistent behaviour?
Religious radical, political conservative.
Who did Cromwell seek to restore in 1649 to parliament, after they had been kicked out of the army?
MPs excluded from rump.
What was Cromwell’s mantra for promoting harmony in aftermath of regicide?
‘Healing and Settling’.
What was Cromwell’s idea of religious toleration?
Maintenance of Protestant Unity within a national church.
Who drafted the ‘Instrument of Government’?
John Lambert.
How regularly would single-chamber parliaments representing England, Ireland and Scotland to be called under the provisions of the Instrument of Government?
Triennially.
Who alone wouldn’t be tolerated in terms of Christianity under the protectorate?
Catholics/religious radicals threatening peace.
Who did the Lord Protector share executive power with?
Council, elected by parliament (as Protector was).
What could Protector and council issue when parliament not in session?
Ordinances.
How did Cromwell complain that the rules of the Instrument of Government constrained him?
“Like a child in swaddling clothes”.
How membership of council chosen to reassure conservative opinion?
8/15 civilians, only 3 soldiers (Lambert, Fleetwood and Desborough).
What did Protectorate abolish in earliest act?
Oath of engagement.
What had caused financial hardship from 1646-1650 due to its failure?
Harvest.
What was carried out more efficiently than ever before under the protectorate, bringing local relief to the poorest in England?
Administration of Poor Law.
Who did Cromwell make peace with in 1654?
Dutch.
Whom did Cromwell ally with against Spain, who were supporting the Stuarts?
French.
What was the Western Design?
Attempt to break into/take Spanish Caribbean.
Which island was taken in 1655, one of the few successes of the Western Design?
Jamaica.
Who reorganised the English Navy at this time, helping hold the Dutch to a stalemate and helping make 77 ships of the line?
Admiral Robert Blake.
Which university did Cromwell set up?
Durham.
What did Cromwell only keep a minimum control of in terms of religion?
State control of religion.
Give any measure of religious legislation that Cromwell made?
Commissions of ejectors August 1654 to expel unfit ministers/March 1654 general commission of triers in London to approve appointment of all ministers.
