Stuart Britain Points Test 2 - Origins of the Civil War Flashcards
What was the hostile label given to the Personal rule?
The Eleven Year’s Tyranny.
Who was Charles’ Lord Treasurer at the start of the Personal Rule in 1629?
Richard Weston.
What measures Weston take to repair royalist finances in the Personal Rule? Give five points.
- First attempt since Cranfield (under James) to reform royal spending departments.
- 1629-1633 navy, ordinance and royal household departments investigated.
- Increased royalist revenue: customs duties became vital revenue in 1630s.
- Increased recusancy fines for Catholics, from £5,300 p.a. to £26 866 p.a.
- Almost full amount of ship money in 1634 collected.
Many nobles fined as their lands were violating enclosure laws, forest courts revived to fine estates that encroached illegally on royal forests.
Many nobles fined as their lands were violating enclosure laws, forest courts revived to fine estates that encroached illegally on royal forests.
How far were wardship fines increased under the Personal Rule?
X3
Why was there increased anger at Ship Money Tax in mid-1630s? Give three points.
Ship money became a permanent land tax.
Heavier burden than tax subsidy, as more people than select rich saw their taxes rise.
No danger of attack or invasion in mid-1630s.
How many judges (/12) decided against the Crown at John Hampden’s 1638 trial, concerning the opposition to paying Ship Money?
5
What percentage of the Ship Money tax was paid between 1634-1638 (which makes it difficult for Coward to estimate level of opposition)?
90%
What was the purpose of the ‘Book of Orders’ in 1630 and 1631?
To enforce law and order, set out duties of all local law enforcement (JPs, sheriffs), a reform of local government.
What successes did the ‘Book of Orders’ have?
Give four points.
Alleviated worst affects of 1629-1630 economic crises
Helped regularise meetings of petty sessions
Helped procedures for licencing alehouses
Helped apprenticing poor children.
Why did Caroline/Charles’ efforts to reform the militia fail? Give two points.
- Lord Lieutenants and their deputies, from 1604, derived authority directly from crown-were thus viewed with suspicion and their actions questioned in terms of legality.
- Forced billeting, during wars of 1620s, made militia deeply unpopular.
Why Laudians hated by most protestants? Give three points.
- Doctrine of free will/God’s grace open to all seemed to be attack on belief of predestination, held by most Protestants.
- Laudian highlighting of sacramental/ceremonial aspects and vicar’s role was against emphasis on scripture from recent protestant practice.
- Some Laudians (not all) claimed existence of bishops depended on divine right.
Why were religious measures under Personal Rule, especially the moving of the alter to east end of church, so controversial in terms of the manner of their introduction?
No effort to explain or persuade people-measures simply enforced.
What was reissued in 1633, and when/by whom had it been first issued?
Book of Sports, first issued by James in 1618.
Who did the abolishment of the Feoffees for Impropriations annoy, and why?
Group of Puritan London merchants/landowners founded in 1625, who had bought livings for puritan preachers.
