Stuart Britain Points Test 6 - Charles II's Early Reign, 1660-1674 Flashcards
When did the Convention parliament meet?
25th April 1660.
What position did Charles give to Sir Edward Hyde on his restoration, made Earl of Clarendon in 1661?
Lord Chancellor.
Why did the declaration of Breda offer former royalists hope, by saying the king would leave the problem of confiscated estates to Parliament?
They hoped they’d get their lands restored.
Why did the declaration of Breda appear to offer independents hope of religious tolerance?
It promised ‘liberty to tender consciences’ (i.e. appeared to suggest religious tolerance).
What did the Declaration of Breda also promise to reassure those involved with the republican regimes/on the side of parliament during the civil war?
General pardon promised for all except those named by parliament.
Why was Charles strangely untied/unrestricted by the declaration of Breda, or anything else, upon his restoration?
No constitutional settlement made before he came, stability desperately needed so Charles was brought back before any restrictions were imposed upon him! Declaration of Breda not binding legally…
Why did parliament fail to provide Charles II with adequate funds, from the very beginning of his reign?
Most MPs had no real conception of finance, and also didn’t want the king to have too much financial-and therefore political-independence.
What figure, which Charles never received, was poorly estimated at the cost of royal government annually?
1.2 million.
Why would Charles’ ministers have preferred to borrow and sink further into debt, rather than press parliament for a better financial settlement?
Too risky politically to do so-memories of high taxation had undermined Commonwealth.
What debt was Crown in by end of 1660, and how much lower was its annual income than the figure required to break even?
In debt of £925,000/£300,000 p.a. too short.
At the Worchester House Meetings, what religious body was proposed to try and create a church settlement acceptable to both Anglicans and Presbyterians?
Committee of divines and national synod proposed to settle contentious religious matters.
Why did the Committee of Divines (set up by the Worchester House Conference) fail to achieve anything?
Grand Committee (convention parliament discussing religion) too bitterly divided!
In the land settlement of the restoration, confiscated estates of the crown and what other institution were returned?
The Anglican Church.
What was done at the start of the restoration to help royalists who had sold estates to pay compensation fines, often to save their lives?
Nothing.
When was the convention parliament finally dissolved?
29 December 1660.
When did the Cavalier parliament first meet?
8th May 1661.
As well as the fiscal feudalism of Charles I in 1630s no longer being permissible, what royal court was never again permitted by parliament for the king to use?
Court of the Star Chamber.
How many members of long parliament were in cavalier parliament - 100, 200 or 300?
100.
As well as king getting to appoint privy councillors and state officials, as well as local government/church posts, what was he also given full control over by acts of 1661 and 1662?
Militia acts-all armed forces.
What previous parliamentary measure did the 1661 and 1662 militia acts completely overturn?
Militia ordinance of March 1642.
How did 1664 triennial act repeal 1641 version and give the king more power?
No longer compulsory to hold parliaments every 3 years, simply said Charles should do so (without any mechanism to force him to!).
