Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A+P 2 > The Cardiac Cycle > Flashcards

The Cardiac Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

The Cardiac Cycle

A

all of the events associated with one heart beat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Systole

A

Contraction (muscles contract; squeeze on blood)

-Depolarization (membrane potential gets +, action potential occurs) triggers systole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Diastole

A

Relaxation

-Repolarization (action potential goes away) triggers diastole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Length of the Cardiac Cycle

A
  1. 8 seconds (75 beats per minute

- 5 liters per minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 Main Periods of the Cardiac Cycle

A
  1. Atrial Systole
  2. Ventricular Systole
  3. Relaxation Period
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Period of the Cardiac Cycle: Atrial Systole

How Long? What do the atria and ventricles do?

A

length: 0.1 seconds
Atria- systole (contract)
Ventricles- diastole (relax)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Period of the Cardiac Cycle: Ventricular Systole

How Long? What do the atria and ventricles do?

A

length: 0.3 seconds
Atria- Diastole (relax)
Ventricles- Systole (contract)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Period of the Cardiac Cycle: Relaxation Period

How long? What do the atria and ventricles do?

A

length: 0.4 seconds
Atria- diastole (relax)
Ventricles- diastole (relax)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Atrial Systole

A

Atria contract (no heart sound)

  • both contract shortly after P wave
  • AV valves remain open
  • SL valves remain closed
  • ventricles continue filling
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ventricular Systole

A

blood pumped out of the heart

  • both ventricles contract shortly after QRS wave
  • AV valves close (1st heart sound)
  • Isovolumetric contraction period occurs in beginning
  • SL valves open
  • blood enters aorta and pulmonary arteries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Relaxation Period

A

ventricles fill with blood

  • ventricles relax shortly after T wave
  • SL valves close (2nd heart sound)
  • Isovolumetric relaxation period occurs in beginning
  • AV valves open in middle of period
  • blood fills ventricles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Isovolumetric

A

constant volume of blood in ventricles; all 4 valves closed

  • isovolumetric contraction
  • isovolumetric relaxation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Isovolumetric Contraction

A

brief period at beginning of Ventricular Systole

-ventricles contract while valves closed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Isovolumetric Relaxation

A

brief period at the beginning of relaxation period

-ventricles relax while valves closed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Venous Return

A

blood is returned, continuously pumped into the atria (L + R atria)
-causes AV valves to open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cardiac Output

A

amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle per minute
-CO = HR X SV
HR= heart rate
SV= stroke volume

17
Q

Factors affecting HR (heart rate)

A
  • Parasympathetic Division- decreases HR to resting conditions; slows down HR, “rest + digest”
  • Sympathetic Division- increases HR and stimulates adrenal medulla to release epinephrine & norepinephrine; speeds up HR, “fight or flight”
18
Q

Parasympathetic Division

A
  • decreases heartrate to resting conditions
  • decreases cardiac output
  • “rest + digest”
19
Q

Sympathetic Division

A
  • increases heart rate
  • stimulates adrenal medulla to release epinephrine & norepinephrine
  • increase cardiac output
20
Q

Stroke Volume

A

amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle per heart beat

21
Q

Factors affecting Stroke Volume

A
  1. Preload
  2. Contractility
  3. Afterload
22
Q

Factor affecting Stroke Volume: Preload

A

degree of stretch of heart muscle

  • Frank-Starling law of the heart
  • when heart muscle is stretched more, heart contracts more forcefully and more blood will be pumped
  • increase preload, increase stroke volume, increase cardiac output
23
Q

Factor affecting Stroke Volume: Contractility

A

increase in contractile strength over and above preload
(increase in contractility strength independent on muscle strength)
-sympathetic increase contractility, increase stroke volume, increase cardiac output

24
Q

Factor affecting Stroke Volume: Afterload

A

back pressure exerted on SL valves by arterial blood

  • increase afterload, decrease stroke volume, decrease cardiac output
  • hypertension (high blood pressure, pressure in arteries to high)
25
Q

The Cardiovascular Centers are located in the?

A

Medulla Oblongata

A+P 2 (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions