Chapter 27 Fluid Balance

Question 1

Body Fluids

Answer 1

water and dissolved solutes in the body

-the body regulates the volume and composition of the body fluids to maintain homeostasis

Question 2

Intracellular fluid (ICF)

Answer 2

fluid inside cells

-about 2/3 total body fluids

Question 3

Extracellular fluid (ECF)

Answer 3

fluid outside cells

-about 1/3 total body fluids

Question 4

2 Extracellular fluid compartments

Answer 4

1. Plasma- fluid component of blood
2. Interstitial fluid (IF)- fluid spaces between cells, includes lymph, CSF (cerebral spinal fluid), serous fluid, synovial fluid, digestive tract secretions

Question 5

Composition of Body Fluids

Answer 5

• 60% of body

- water and solutes

Question 6

Examples of Solutes (dissolved in the water)

Answer 6

1. Electrolytes- compounds (substances) that dissociate in solution and release ions
   - salts, acids and bases, some proteins
   - because electrolytes dissociate and release more particles in solution, they have greater effect on fluid movements than nonelectrolytes
2. Nonelectrolytes- compounds that do not dissociate in solution (stay in tact)
   - glucose, lipids, creatinine, urea

Question 7

Differences in solutes in the fluid compartments

Answer 7

1. Na+
   - Plasma: High
   - Interstitial Fluid: High
   - Intracellular Fluid: Low
2. K+
   - Plasma: Low
   - Interstitial Fluid: Low
   - Intracellular Fluid: High
3. Protein
   - Plasma: Medium
   - Interstitial Fluid: Low
   - Intracellular Fluid: High

Question 8

Fluid Movement

Answer 8

continuous intermixing of body fluids in different compartments

• exchanges between plasma and Interstitial Fluid
• exchanges between plasma and cells
• exchanges between plasma and kidneys
• exchanges between plasma and digestive system