Chapter 22 Respiratory System Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Respiration

A

The process of supplying the body with O2 and disposing of CO2

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2
Q

Pulmonary Ventilation

A

breathing

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3
Q

Inhalation/ Inspiration

A

inflow of air from atmosphere to lungs (breathing in)

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4
Q

Exhalation/ Expiration

A

outflow of air from lungs to atmosphere (breathing out)

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5
Q

External Respiration

A

exchange of O2 and CO2 between air in lungs and blood

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6
Q

Internal Respiration

A

exchange of O2 and CO2 between blood + tissues

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7
Q

Conducting Zone Structures

A

a series of interconnecting cavities and tubes that conduct air into lungs

  • no gas exchange
  • nose, nasal cavity, sinuses
  • pharynx
  • larynx
  • trachea
  • bronchi
  • bronchioles
  • terminal bronchials
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8
Q

Respiratory Zone Structures

A

structures of the respiratory system involved with gas exchange

  • Respiratory Bronchioles
  • Alveolar Ducts
  • Alveolar Sacs/ Alveoli
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9
Q

Partial Pressure

A

pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture of gases

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10
Q

Alveolar Pressure

A

pressure in the alveoli

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11
Q

Atmospheric Pressure

A

pressure of the air surrounding the body

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12
Q

Intrapleural Pressure

A

pressure in the pleural cavities

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13
Q

Surface Tension

A

cohesion of liquid molecules

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14
Q

Surfactant

A

produced by type II cells which decrease surface tension

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15
Q

Lung Compliance

A

The ability of the lungs to stretch

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16
Q

Tidal Volume (TV)

A

500ml

-volume of one breath

17
Q

Minute Ventilation (MV)

A

6000ml

-volume of air inhaled and exhaled per minute

18
Q

Anatomical Dead Space

A

150ml

-volume of air remaining in conducting zone structures where gas exchange does not take place

19
Q

Inspirational/ Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)

A

3100ml

-volume of air that can be forcefully inhaled over and above the tidal volume

20
Q

Expirational/ Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

A

1200ml

-volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled over and above the tidal volume

21
Q

Vital Capacity (VC)

A

4800ml

-total volume of exchangeable air

22
Q

Total Lung Capacity (TLC)

A

6000ml

-total volume of air in lungs after maximal inspiration

23
Q

Residual Volume (RV)

A

1200ml

-volume of air remaining in lungs after maximal expiration

24
Q

Hering-Breuer Reflex

A

when lungs are overstretched, lungs receive signal from medulla to end inspiration

25
Boyle's Law
the pressure of a gas varies inversely with its volume
26
Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures
the partial pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the percentage of that gas in the mixture
27
Henry's Law
when a mixture of gases is in contact with a liquid, each gas will dissolve in proportion to its partial pressure and solubility
28
Bohr Effect
when the pH decreases, more oxygen will be unloaded from hemoglobin
29
Haldane Effect
deoxyhemoglobin has a greater affinity for carbon dioxide (CO2)