Chapter 25 Urinary System Vocabulary

Question 1

Filtrate

Answer 1

fluid that enters the renal tubule from the blood

Question 2

Urine

Answer 2

liquid leaving the collecting ducts

Question 3

Hydrostatic Pressure

Answer 3

force exerted by a fluid against a wall

Question 4

Osmotic Pressure

Answer 4

force opposing hydrostatic pressure due to nondiffusing particles

Question 5

Net Filtration Pressure (NFP)

Answer 5

the total pressure that promotes filtration

Question 6

Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)

Answer 6

rate of filtrate formation in the kidneys

Question 7

Glomerular Filtration

Answer 7

passive, nonselective process in which hydrostatic pressure forces fluids across the filtration membrane

Question 8

Tubular Reabsorption

Answer 8

as the filtrate flows along renal tubule and collecting ducts, tubule and duct cells reabsorb most of the water and some solutes

Question 9

Tubular Secretion

Answer 9

as fluid flows along renal tubule and collecting ducts, the tubule and duct cells secrete wastes, drugs, excess ions into the filtrate

Question 10

Countercurrent Mechanism

Answer 10

(flow in opposite directions)

• mechanism that generates and maintains the osmotic gradients in the renal medulla; mechanism consists of:
  1. Countercurrent multiplier
  2. Countercurrent exchanger

Question 11

Countercurrent Mechanism: Countercurrent Multiplier

Answer 11

long loops of Henle generate osmotic gradients

Question 12

Countercurrent Mechanism: Countercurrent Exchanger

Answer 12

vasa recta maintain osmotic gradients

Question 13

Diuretic

Answer 13

substance that increases urine output