Rest of Lymohatic System + Immune System for Test

Question 1

The Helper T Cell of the cell-mediated immunity works different, it needs what to help activate it?

Answer 1

need a antigen-presenting cell (APC) to help activate it

Question 2

Class II MHC antigens can be recognized by Helper T Cells….

Answer 2

1. Helper T cells’ antigen receptor binds to foreign antigen on Class II MHC
2. Activated Helper T Cell (CD4) undergoes:
   a) proliferation: divide rapidly
   b) differentiation:
   - most become active Helper T Cells
   - few become memory T Cells (long-Term)

Question 3

Activated Helper T Cells mobilize the entire immune response by secreting _____ which:

Answer 3

-Interleukin 2 (is a cytokine)
which:
-helps activate other helper T cells
-helps activate cytotoxic T cells
-helps activate B cells
-stimulates macrophages and Natural killer cells

Question 4

Some activated Helper T cells are what kinds of cells?

Answer 4

Memory cells that remain and provide life-long immunity against the specific foreign antigen

Question 5

Humoral Immunity

Answer 5

• targets bacteria, toxins and viruses present in body fluids
• mediated by B cells

Question 6

Activation of B cells

Answer 6

1. Antigen receptor binds to foreign antigen in body fluid
2. Proliferation
3. Differentiation
   - most activated B cells develop into Plasma cells which produce antibodies
   - few become memory B cells

Question 7

Antibodies

Answer 7

proteins that mark foreign invaders for destruction

-produced by B lymphocytes that confer immunity

Question 8

Antigen

Answer 8

foreign molecules that stimulate an immune response

Question 9

Structure of an Antibody

Answer 9

• C region: determines the antibody class

- V region: recognizes the specific foreign antigen and binds to it(antigen-binding site)

Question 10

Antibody Action

Answer 10

PLAN

• Precipitation- crosslinking of soluble antigens + cause them to settle out of solution
• Lysis- activates complement
• Agglutination- due to igM
• Neutralization- surrounds a toxin

Question 11

Primary response

Answer 11

• slower

- occurs with first exposure to foreign antigen

Question 12

Secondary response

Answer 12

• faster, more effective

- occurs with 2nd exposure to same foreign antigen

Question 13

Passive Humoral Immunity

Answer 13

antibodies not made by own body provide temporary immunity

ex:
- fetus or nursing baby receives Igs from mother
- anti-snake venom (antibodies against poison)
- anti-rabies shot contain Igs

Question 14

Active Humoral Immunity

Answer 14

own B cells make antibodies; memory B cells provide long-term immunity
ex:
-infection
-vaccination

Question 15

Antibody Classes

Answer 15

• IgG
• IgA
• IgM
• IgD
• IgE

Question 16

Antibody Class- IgG

Answer 16

most abundant; protects against bacteria, virus, toxins; can cross placenta, antibodies against Rh

Question 17

Antibody Class- IgA

Answer 17

secreted by mucus membranes

Question 18

Antibody Class- IgM

Answer 18

first Ig to appear; blood plasma antibodies of ABO blood group

Question 19

Antibody Class- IgD

Answer 19

antigen receptor on B cell surface

Question 20

Antibody Class- IgE

Answer 20

cause release of histamines in allergic reactions