The axial skeleton.

Question 1

Bones are classified by _____.

Answer 1

shape

Question 2

You can get l_____ bones, s____ bones, f____ bones, I_____ bones, s_____ bones and s_____ bones.

Answer 2

long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid, sutural

Question 3

The axial skeleton is _____. What does it not include?

Answer 3

longitudinal.

arms and legs

Question 4

The _____ skeleton focuses on arms and legs etc.

Answer 4

appendicular

Question 5

How many bones are in the entire skeleton?

Answer 5

206

Question 6

What does the axial skeleton consist of?

Answer 6

Skull and associated bones, vertebral column, ribs and sternum.

Question 7

A total of ____ bones in the _____ axis make up the axial skeleton.

Answer 7

80, longitudinal

Question 8

The skull and associated bones are made up of 4 mane bones, name these categories.

Answer 8

Cranial, facial, auditory ossicles, hyoid bone.

Question 9

we have;
8 \_\_\_\_ bones
14 \_\_\_\_\_\_ bones
6 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ossicles- 2 of each malleus, incus, stapes.
1 \_\_\_\_\_\_ bone.

Answer 9

cranial
facial
auditory
hyoid

Question 10

What are all bones connected by?

What is the one exception?

Answer 10

sutures

Except from the mandible

Question 11

In the skull, what is the suture that runs vertically down the back half of the skull called?

Answer 11

The sagittal suture

Question 12

The ____ suture runs horizontally across the middle of the skull.

Answer 12

coronal

Question 13

What is the cranial bone that forms the forehead and roof of nasal/orbital cavities known as?

Answer 13

The frontal bone

Question 14

The _____ bone is above the lip.

Answer 14

maxillary

Question 15

what suture runs horizontally at the back of the skull?

Answer 15

the lamboid suture

Question 16

_____ bones form the walls and summit of the skull (jew cap area).

Answer 16

Parietal

Question 17

Where is the occipital bone found?

Answer 17

Right at the back of the skull aka. lower posterior bone of the skull

Question 18

at the side of the skull beside the ear, the _____ bone forms the walls and base of the cranium.

Answer 18

temporal

Question 19

At the back, inner bit of the skull, you can find the _____ process.

Answer 19

mastoid

Question 20

What is the bone going down the front of the nose called?

Answer 20

Nasal Bone

Question 21

The ____ bone is beside (more at the front) the temporal bone.

Answer 21

sphenoid

Question 22

The sphenoid bone is found at the ___ of the skull and forms part of the floor of the ______.

Answer 22

base, anterior

Question 23

What is the mandible?

Answer 23

The jaw bone

Question 24

Name some functions of the mandible.

Answer 24

chewing and speaking

Question 25

Where is the zygomatic bone found?

Answer 25

Beside the under eye

Question 26

The ramus, mental foramen, mandibular notch and body are all parts of the ______.

Answer 26

mandible

Question 27

The mandible has ____ main parts.

Answer 27

4

Question 28

What is another name for the backbone?

Answer 28

the vertebral column

Question 29

What is the function of the vertebral column?

Answer 29

It surrounds and protects the spinal cord which travels within the spinal canal.

Question 30

C1-C7, is known as the ______ spine.

Answer 30

cervical

Question 31

What does the dens of axis allow?

Answer 31

rotation of the head

Question 32

What is the first cervical vertebra called?

Answer 32

the atlas

Question 33

Describe the structure of C1/the atlas.

Answer 33

Thin, ring shaped bone with no body

Question 34

What bones does C1 articulate with?

Answer 34

The occipital bone on the base of the skull and the axis.

Question 35

What is C2 called?

Answer 35

The axis.

Question 36

The axis contains the ____which projects superiorly.

Answer 36

dens

Question 37

What is the main function of the axis/C2?

Answer 37

To support the weight of the head and allow pivotal movement.

Question 38

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

Answer 38

7

Question 39

The neck muscles attach to the _____ transverse ______ (across).

Answer 39

cervical transverse processes

Question 40

The ___ muscles attach to the spinous processes (down).

Answer 40

back

Question 41

Name the arches C1 has.

Answer 41

Anterior arch and posterior arch.

Question 42

What is after the cervical spine?

Answer 42

The Thoracic Spine

Question 43

The thoracic spine is T__ - T____

Answer 43

T1-T12

Question 44

The _____ spine is made up of 12 vertebrae.

Answer 44

thoracic

Question 45

The upper 4 thoracic vertebrae (T1 - T4) have some _____ features.

Answer 45

cervical

Question 46

The lowest 4 thoracic vertebrae (T8 - T12) have some _____ features.

Answer 46

lumbar

Question 47

T5-T7 are the most typically ______.

Answer 47

thoracic

Question 48

What is the key difference between the cervical vertebrae and the thoracic vertebrae?

Answer 48

The thoracic vertebrae have a costal facet

Question 49

What do the first ten thoracic vertebrae contain?

Answer 49

Facets for articulation with ribs

Question 50

What is the proper name for the rib cage?

Answer 50

The thoracic cage.

Question 51

What is the thoracic cage formed by?

Answer 51

The vertebral column, ribs and sternum

Question 52

What is the sternum?

Answer 52

It is the breast bone- a long flat bone located in the centre of chest.

Question 53

What does the thoracic cage enclose?

Answer 53

The heart and lungs

Question 54

There is additional attachment via ______ from the thoracic cage to the ____.

Answer 54

cartiledge, sternum

Question 55

What are T11 and T12 referred to as?

Answer 55

Floating ribs

Question 56

Why are the last two thoracic vertebrae called floating ribs?

Answer 56

As they aren't connected to the anterior :)

Question 57

How many Lumbar vertebrae are there?

Answer 57

5

Question 58

L5 is the _____ lumbar vertebra.

Answer 58

largest

Question 59

Lumbar vertebrae have ____, ______ shaped bodies.

Answer 59

large, kidney

Question 60

What shape are lumbar vertebrae transverse processes?

Answer 60

They are long and thin

Question 61

Do lumbar vertebrae have facets?

Answer 61

yes

Question 62

What do lumbar facets allow?

Answer 62

they allow for extension and flexion

Question 63

The spinous processes are ____, ____ and _____.

Answer 63

large short and square

Question 64

S1 and S5 are _____ together to form one _____. What is it called?

Answer 64

fused, bone | The Sacrum

Question 65

What is the sacrum the key site of?

Answer 65

The key site of muscle attachment to lower limbs

Question 66

What shape is the sacrum?

Answer 66

a triangle

Question 67

The Sacrum _____ the _____of the body and forms the ____ wall of the _____.

Answer 67

transmits, weight, posterior, pelvis

Question 68

What lumbar vertebra number does the sacrum articulate with superiorly?

Answer 68

L5

Question 69

Name the 2 other bones the Sacrum articulates with.

Answer 69

The coccyx (inferiorly) an the iliac bones (laterally)

Question 70

What is the other name for the tailbone?

Answer 70

The Coccyx

Question 71

The coccyx is the _____ segment of the human _____ column.

Answer 71

final, vertical

Question 72

What fused together to form the coccyx?

Answer 72

Co 1 - Co4

Question 73

what 3 things does the coccyx not contain?

Answer 73

lamina, spine or pendicles

Question 74

What does the base of the coccyx articulate superiorly with?

Answer 74

The apex of the Sacrum