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anatomy > Muscle Tissue > Flashcards

Muscle Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 3 main types (categories) of muscle.

A

skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and smooth muscle.

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2
Q

On function of skeletal muscle is to produce ______ ________.

A

skeletal movement

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3
Q

What does skeletal muscle maintain?

A

It maintains posture and body position.

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4
Q

Skeletal muscle supports ____ tissue.

A

soft

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5
Q

What does skeletal muscle guard?

A

entrances and exits

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6
Q

What can skeletal muscle maintain?

A

it can maintain body temperature

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7
Q

Skeletal muscle stores ____ reserves.

A

nutrient

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8
Q

What are the 4 main components of muscle?

A

There is muscle tissue (muscle cells or fibres), connective tissue, nerves and blood vessels.

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9
Q

Name an example of a connective tissue

A

fascia

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10
Q

Fascia cover _____ ______ and _______ them from each other.

A

body structures, separate

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11
Q

How many layers of connective tissue do muscles have?

A

3

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12
Q

Name the 3 connective tissues that muscles have.

A

Epimysium, Perimysium and endomysium

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13
Q

The outer connective tissue is _______.

A

Epimysium

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14
Q

The middle connective tissue is _______.

A

Perimysium

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15
Q

What is the inner connective tissue called?

A

Endomysium

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16
Q

Generally, what are the functions of the muscle connective tissues?

A

To support, bind, insulate, transport and provide storage

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17
Q

Epimysium is the _____ _____ layer.

A

exterior collagen

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18
Q

What is Epimysium connected to?

A

deep fascia

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19
Q

What does epimysium separate muscle from?

A

epimysium separates muscle from surrounding tissue

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20
Q

What Perimysium surround?

A

It surrounds muscle fascicles (muscle fibre bundles).

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21
Q

What does perimysium tissue contain?

A

It contains blood vessels and nerve supply to the fascicles.

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22
Q

Endomysium surrounds individual muscle ___ ( ____ ______).

A

cells, muscle fibres

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23
Q

Endomysium tissue contains _____ and ____ ______ contacting muscle cells.

A

capillaries, nerve fibres

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24
Q

What is the function of Endomysium (in separation) ?

A

To separate and electrically insulate muscle cells from each other.

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25
Q

Where do endomysium, perimysium and epimysium come together?

A

at the ends of muscles

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26
Q

connective tissues come together at the ends of muscles to form what?

A

To form connective tissue attachment to the bone matrix.

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27
Q

A tendon is a _____ of connective tissues.

A

bundle

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28
Q

Aponeurosis is a ___ of connective tissue.

A

sheet

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29
Q

Muscles have extensive _____ systems.

A

vascular

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30
Q

Name 3 things that the vascular system of muscles does.

A

Supplies large amounts of oxygen, supplies nutrients and carries away wastes.

31
Q

Skeletal muscles are _____ muscles.

A

voluntary

32
Q

What are voluntary muscles controlled by?

A

Nerves of the central nervous system. (brain and spinal cord).

33
Q

The skeletal muscle is made up from _____ that are made up of ______ _______ or ______, these consist of _______ which are made up of ________.

A

Fascicles
Muscle cells/fibers
myofibrils
myofilaments

34
Q

Myofilaments are arranged in a _______.

A

myofibril

35
Q

You can get ____ and _____ myofilaments.

A

thick, thin

36
Q

The thin filaments are known as _______.

A

Actin

37
Q

The thick filaments are known as _______.

A

Myosin

38
Q

The I band on the myofibril is _____ in colour.

A

light

39
Q

The A band on the myofibril is _____ in colour.

A

dark

40
Q

Myofibrils are composed of repeating sections of what?

A

Sarcomeres :)

41
Q

Name the line you would find at the beginning and end of each sarcomere.

A

The z line

42
Q

The ___ line is in the centre of the sarcomere.

A

M

43
Q

what is the zone in the middle of the sarcomere where there are no filaments called?

A

H Zone

44
Q

Titin is attached to _____.

A

Myosin

45
Q

What is a sarcomere?

A

A sarcomere is the basic unit of a muscle.

46
Q

What do sarcomeres contain?

A

fibrous proteins known as myofilaments

47
Q

Name the 2 types of myofilaments.

A

Actin and myosin

48
Q

Is actin thick or thin?

A

Actin is a thin filament

49
Q

Is myosin thick or thin?

A

Myosin is a thick filament

50
Q

What is the darkest strip in the dark A band called?

A

The M line

51
Q

What is the dark strip in the light I band called?

A

The Z line

52
Q

What zone is within the A band?

A

the H zone

53
Q

The H zone is where the _____ filaments are.

A

myosin

54
Q

The I bands is where the _____ filaments are.

A

actin

55
Q

What theory is used for the contraction of muscles?

A

The sliding filament theory

56
Q

Thin Filaments (_____) of sarcomere slide toward the _____ line, alongside thick filaments (_____).

A

actin, M , myosin

57
Q

When the actin slides towards the M line ____ bands get smaller.

A

I

58
Q

when actin slides toward the M line, what gets bigger?

A

The zone of overlap (H Zone)

59
Q

___ lines move closer together upon contraction.

A

Z

60
Q

Name the 3 parts to the structure of a myosin molecule.

A

myosin tail, hinge and myosin head.

61
Q

_____ molecules make up thick filaments.

A

Myosin

62
Q

Myosin is a complex _____.

A

protein.

63
Q

Myosin heads have _____ binding sites and have the enzyme ______.

A

ATP, ATPase

64
Q

Myosin proteins make up the thick filaments in the ______.

A

sarcomere

65
Q

How do myosin molecules bind to each other?

A

By binding to another molecule by the tail

66
Q

What is actin?

A

Strands of globulin protein molecules.

67
Q

Each actin myofilament consists of ____ strands wound together to make a thin filament.

A

2

68
Q

Each actin molecule has a _____ binding site.

A

myosin

69
Q

What protein is wrapped around the actin filaments?

A

Tropomyosin

70
Q

What type of protein is tropomyosin?

A

Tropomyosin is a regulatory protein.

71
Q

How is tropomyosin activated?

A

It’s activated by Ca binding to Ca binding site.

72
Q

The Calcium-binding protein bound to tropomyosin is called ______.

A

troponin

73
Q

Troponin is bound to _____ strands.

A

tropomyosin

anatomy (31 decks)

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