Muscle Tissue Flashcards
Name the 3 main types (categories) of muscle.
skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and smooth muscle.
On function of skeletal muscle is to produce ______ ________.
skeletal movement
What does skeletal muscle maintain?
It maintains posture and body position.
Skeletal muscle supports ____ tissue.
soft
What does skeletal muscle guard?
entrances and exits
What can skeletal muscle maintain?
it can maintain body temperature
Skeletal muscle stores ____ reserves.
nutrient
What are the 4 main components of muscle?
There is muscle tissue (muscle cells or fibres), connective tissue, nerves and blood vessels.
Name an example of a connective tissue
fascia
Fascia cover _____ ______ and _______ them from each other.
body structures, separate
How many layers of connective tissue do muscles have?
3
Name the 3 connective tissues that muscles have.
Epimysium, Perimysium and endomysium
The outer connective tissue is _______.
Epimysium
The middle connective tissue is _______.
Perimysium
What is the inner connective tissue called?
Endomysium
Generally, what are the functions of the muscle connective tissues?
To support, bind, insulate, transport and provide storage
Epimysium is the _____ _____ layer.
exterior collagen
What is Epimysium connected to?
deep fascia
What does epimysium separate muscle from?
epimysium separates muscle from surrounding tissue
What Perimysium surround?
It surrounds muscle fascicles (muscle fibre bundles).
What does perimysium tissue contain?
It contains blood vessels and nerve supply to the fascicles.
Endomysium surrounds individual muscle ___ ( ____ ______).
cells, muscle fibres
Endomysium tissue contains _____ and ____ ______ contacting muscle cells.
capillaries, nerve fibres
What is the function of Endomysium (in separation) ?
To separate and electrically insulate muscle cells from each other.
Where do endomysium, perimysium and epimysium come together?
at the ends of muscles
connective tissues come together at the ends of muscles to form what?
To form connective tissue attachment to the bone matrix.
A tendon is a _____ of connective tissues.
bundle
Aponeurosis is a ___ of connective tissue.
sheet
Muscles have extensive _____ systems.
vascular
Name 3 things that the vascular system of muscles does.
Supplies large amounts of oxygen, supplies nutrients and carries away wastes.
Skeletal muscles are _____ muscles.
voluntary
What are voluntary muscles controlled by?
Nerves of the central nervous system. (brain and spinal cord).
The skeletal muscle is made up from _____ that are made up of ______ _______ or ______, these consist of _______ which are made up of ________.
Fascicles
Muscle cells/fibers
myofibrils
myofilaments
Myofilaments are arranged in a _______.
myofibril
You can get ____ and _____ myofilaments.
thick, thin
The thin filaments are known as _______.
Actin
The thick filaments are known as _______.
Myosin
The I band on the myofibril is _____ in colour.
light
The A band on the myofibril is _____ in colour.
dark
Myofibrils are composed of repeating sections of what?
Sarcomeres :)
Name the line you would find at the beginning and end of each sarcomere.
The z line
The ___ line is in the centre of the sarcomere.
M
what is the zone in the middle of the sarcomere where there are no filaments called?
H Zone
Titin is attached to _____.
Myosin
What is a sarcomere?
A sarcomere is the basic unit of a muscle.
What do sarcomeres contain?
fibrous proteins known as myofilaments
Name the 2 types of myofilaments.
Actin and myosin
Is actin thick or thin?
Actin is a thin filament
Is myosin thick or thin?
Myosin is a thick filament
What is the darkest strip in the dark A band called?
The M line
What is the dark strip in the light I band called?
The Z line
What zone is within the A band?
the H zone
The H zone is where the _____ filaments are.
myosin
The I bands is where the _____ filaments are.
actin
What theory is used for the contraction of muscles?
The sliding filament theory
Thin Filaments (_____) of sarcomere slide toward the _____ line, alongside thick filaments (_____).
actin, M , myosin
When the actin slides towards the M line ____ bands get smaller.
I
when actin slides toward the M line, what gets bigger?
The zone of overlap (H Zone)
___ lines move closer together upon contraction.
Z
Name the 3 parts to the structure of a myosin molecule.
myosin tail, hinge and myosin head.
_____ molecules make up thick filaments.
Myosin
Myosin is a complex _____.
protein.
Myosin heads have _____ binding sites and have the enzyme ______.
ATP, ATPase
Myosin proteins make up the thick filaments in the ______.
sarcomere
How do myosin molecules bind to each other?
By binding to another molecule by the tail
What is actin?
Strands of globulin protein molecules.
Each actin myofilament consists of ____ strands wound together to make a thin filament.
2
Each actin molecule has a _____ binding site.
myosin
What protein is wrapped around the actin filaments?
Tropomyosin
What type of protein is tropomyosin?
Tropomyosin is a regulatory protein.
How is tropomyosin activated?
It’s activated by Ca binding to Ca binding site.
The Calcium-binding protein bound to tropomyosin is called ______.
troponin
Troponin is bound to _____ strands.
tropomyosin
