Muscle Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 3 main types (categories) of muscle.

A

skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and smooth muscle.

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2
Q

On function of skeletal muscle is to produce ______ ________.

A

skeletal movement

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3
Q

What does skeletal muscle maintain?

A

It maintains posture and body position.

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4
Q

Skeletal muscle supports ____ tissue.

A

soft

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5
Q

What does skeletal muscle guard?

A

entrances and exits

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6
Q

What can skeletal muscle maintain?

A

it can maintain body temperature

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7
Q

Skeletal muscle stores ____ reserves.

A

nutrient

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8
Q

What are the 4 main components of muscle?

A

There is muscle tissue (muscle cells or fibres), connective tissue, nerves and blood vessels.

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9
Q

Name an example of a connective tissue

A

fascia

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10
Q

Fascia cover _____ ______ and _______ them from each other.

A

body structures, separate

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11
Q

How many layers of connective tissue do muscles have?

A

3

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12
Q

Name the 3 connective tissues that muscles have.

A

Epimysium, Perimysium and endomysium

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13
Q

The outer connective tissue is _______.

A

Epimysium

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14
Q

The middle connective tissue is _______.

A

Perimysium

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15
Q

What is the inner connective tissue called?

A

Endomysium

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16
Q

Generally, what are the functions of the muscle connective tissues?

A

To support, bind, insulate, transport and provide storage

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17
Q

Epimysium is the _____ _____ layer.

A

exterior collagen

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18
Q

What is Epimysium connected to?

A

deep fascia

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19
Q

What does epimysium separate muscle from?

A

epimysium separates muscle from surrounding tissue

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20
Q

What Perimysium surround?

A

It surrounds muscle fascicles (muscle fibre bundles).

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21
Q

What does perimysium tissue contain?

A

It contains blood vessels and nerve supply to the fascicles.

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22
Q

Endomysium surrounds individual muscle ___ ( ____ ______).

A

cells, muscle fibres

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23
Q

Endomysium tissue contains _____ and ____ ______ contacting muscle cells.

A

capillaries, nerve fibres

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24
Q

What is the function of Endomysium (in separation) ?

A

To separate and electrically insulate muscle cells from each other.

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25
Where do endomysium, perimysium and epimysium come together?
at the ends of muscles
26
connective tissues come together at the ends of muscles to form what?
To form connective tissue attachment to the bone matrix.
27
A tendon is a _____ of connective tissues.
bundle
28
Aponeurosis is a ___ of connective tissue.
sheet
29
Muscles have extensive _____ systems.
vascular
30
Name 3 things that the vascular system of muscles does.
Supplies large amounts of oxygen, supplies nutrients and carries away wastes.
31
Skeletal muscles are _____ muscles.
voluntary
32
What are voluntary muscles controlled by?
Nerves of the central nervous system. (brain and spinal cord).
33
The skeletal muscle is made up from _____ that are made up of ______ _______ or ______, these consist of _______ which are made up of ________.
Fascicles Muscle cells/fibers myofibrils myofilaments
34
Myofilaments are arranged in a _______.
myofibril
35
You can get ____ and _____ myofilaments.
thick, thin
36
The thin filaments are known as _______.
Actin
37
The thick filaments are known as _______.
Myosin
38
The I band on the myofibril is _____ in colour.
light
39
The A band on the myofibril is _____ in colour.
dark
40
Myofibrils are composed of repeating sections of what?
Sarcomeres :)
41
Name the line you would find at the beginning and end of each sarcomere.
The z line
42
The ___ line is in the centre of the sarcomere.
M
43
what is the zone in the middle of the sarcomere where there are no filaments called?
H Zone
44
Titin is attached to _____.
Myosin
45
What is a sarcomere?
A sarcomere is the basic unit of a muscle.
46
What do sarcomeres contain?
fibrous proteins known as myofilaments
47
Name the 2 types of myofilaments.
Actin and myosin
48
Is actin thick or thin?
Actin is a thin filament
49
Is myosin thick or thin?
Myosin is a thick filament
50
What is the darkest strip in the dark A band called?
The M line
51
What is the dark strip in the light I band called?
The Z line
52
What zone is within the A band?
the H zone
53
The H zone is where the _____ filaments are.
myosin
54
The I bands is where the _____ filaments are.
actin
55
What theory is used for the contraction of muscles?
The sliding filament theory
56
Thin Filaments (_____) of sarcomere slide toward the _____ line, alongside thick filaments (_____).
actin, M , myosin
57
When the actin slides towards the M line ____ bands get smaller.
I
58
when actin slides toward the M line, what gets bigger?
The zone of overlap (H Zone)
59
___ lines move closer together upon contraction.
Z
60
Name the 3 parts to the structure of a myosin molecule.
myosin tail, hinge and myosin head.
61
_____ molecules make up thick filaments.
Myosin
62
Myosin is a complex _____.
protein.
63
Myosin heads have _____ binding sites and have the enzyme ______.
ATP, ATPase
64
Myosin proteins make up the thick filaments in the ______.
sarcomere
65
How do myosin molecules bind to each other?
By binding to another molecule by the tail
66
What is actin?
Strands of globulin protein molecules.
67
Each actin myofilament consists of ____ strands wound together to make a thin filament.
2
68
Each actin molecule has a _____ binding site.
myosin
69
What protein is wrapped around the actin filaments?
Tropomyosin
70
What type of protein is tropomyosin?
Tropomyosin is a regulatory protein.
71
How is tropomyosin activated?
It's activated by Ca binding to Ca binding site.
72
The Calcium-binding protein bound to tropomyosin is called ______.
troponin
73
Troponin is bound to _____ strands.
tropomyosin