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Veterinary Medical Terminology > The Appendicular Skeleton Ch 3 > Flashcards

The Appendicular Skeleton Ch 3 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

The appendicular Skeleton

A

Composed of the bones of the limbs

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2
Q

Scapula (shoulder blade)

A

A large triangular bone on the side of the thorax

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3
Q

Clavicle (collar bone)

A

A slender bone that connects the sternum to the scapula

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4
Q

Vestigial or Rudimentary Clavicle

A

Degenerate, atrophied or undeveloped collar bone

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5
Q

What species don’t have clavicles?

A

swine, ruminants and equine

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6
Q

Humerus (Brachium)

A

The long bone of the proximal front limb

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7
Q

Antebrachium

A

The region of the radius and the ulna

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8
Q

Ante

A

Before

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9
Q

Radius

A

The cranial bone of the front limb

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10
Q

Ulna

A

The caudal bone of the front limb

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11
Q

Olecranon

A

The proximal projection of the ulna that forms the point of the elbow (some species have a fused radius and ulna

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12
Q

Carpal Bones

A

Irregularly shaped bones in the area known as the wrist in people

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13
Q

Carpus

A

The joint in the area known as the wrist in people (in small animals)

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14
Q

Knee

A

The joint in the area known as the wrist in people (in large animals)

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15
Q

Metacarpals

A

Bones found distal to the carpus (Identified by numbers from medial to lateral)

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16
Q

Meta

A

beyond

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17
Q

Splint bones

A

When metacarpals (and metatarsals) II and IV do not articulate (connect) with the phalanges (in horses)

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18
Q

Interosseous Ligament

A

The ligament that attaches the splint bones to the large third metacarpal (or metatarsal) bone (the cannon bone)

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19
Q

Cannon Bone

A

The large third metacarpal (or metatarsal) bone

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20
Q

Ruminant

A

An animal (such as a cow or sheep) that has more than one stomach and that swallows food and then brings it back up again to continue chewing it

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21
Q

Phalanges

A

The bones of the digit (numbered from proximal to distal). Plural form of phalanx

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22
Q

Phalanx

A

One bone of the digit (Digit 1)

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23
Q

Digits

A

The bones analogous (related or similar) to the human finger and vary in number in animals. Cloven-hoofed animals, such as ruminants or swine, have 3 phalanges in their digits with the distal-most (p3) encased in the hoof. Equine species have one digit (digit III). Within that digit are 3 phalanges.

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24
Q

Dewclaw

A

Digit 1 of the dog

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25
Q

Ungulates (uhng-yoo-latz)

A

Animals with hooves

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26
Q

Dewclaws of ungulates

A

The vestigial digits of the cloven hoofed animals. Animals with cloven, or split hoof, have digits III and IV and digits II and V are vestigial.

27
Q

Fetlock Joint

A

The joint between metacarpal (metatarsal) III and the proximal phalanx

28
Q

Pastern Joint

A

The joint between P1 and P2

29
Q

Coffin Joint

A

The joint between P2 and P3

30
Q

Long pastern bone

A

The common name for P1 (Phalangeal bone 1) in livestock

31
Q

Short pastern bone

A

The common name for P2 (Phalangeal bone 2) in livestock

32
Q

Coffin Bone

A

The common name for P3 (Phalangeal bone 3) in livestock

33
Q

Claw

A

Phalanx 3 in non-hooved animals

34
Q

Onych/o (combining form)

A

Claw

35
Q

Onychectomy

A

In cats, a surgical procedure to remove the claws (declaw)

36
Q

Sesamoid Bones

A

Small nodular bones embedded in a tendon or joint capsule

37
Q

Navicular Bone

A

Common name for the sesamoid bone in horses located inside the hoof on the palmar or plantar surface of P3

38
Q

Pelvis (hip)

A

Consists of three pairs of bones: ilium, ischium, and pubis

39
Q

Ilium

A

The largest pair and is blade shaped bone of the pelvis

40
Q

Sacroiliac Joint

A

Found in the pelvis and formed by the ilium articulating with the sacrum

41
Q

Ischium (ish-ke-uhm)

A

The caudal pair of bones in the Pelvis

42
Q

Pubis

A

The ventral pair of bones that are fused on midline by a cartilaginous joint on the pelvic bone

43
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

Cartilaginous (cart-til-i-jin-ous) joint that fuses the two the ventral pair on bones (the pubic bones) called the pubis together - crotch

44
Q

Acetabulum (ass-eh-tab-bule-um)

A

The large socket of the pelvic bone that forms where the three bones meet - ilium, ischium, and the pubis (head of the femur) Forms the ball and socket joint with the femur

45
Q

Hooks and pins (in cattle)

A

Points of the ilium and ischium

46
Q

Femur (or thigh bone)

A

The proximal long bone of the rear leg

47
Q

Femoral Head (head of the femur)

A

Connected to a narrow area called the femoral neck

48
Q

Femoral Neck

A

A proximal part of the femur (a narrow area below the head of the femur)

49
Q

Trochanter (s)

A

Large, flat, broad projections on a bone

50
Q

Condyle (s)

A

Rounded projection

51
Q

Patella (knee cap)

A

A large sesamoid bone in the rear limb

52
Q

Knee

A

The joint between the femur and tibia (NOT A BONE)

53
Q

Stifle Joint

A

The joint that houses the patella

54
Q

Popliteal (pop-lit-e-a-l)

A

Sesamoid bone is the rear limb and on the caudal surface of the stifle

55
Q

Tibia

A

One of the distal long bones of the rear limb. Of the two distal long bones it is more weight bearing

56
Q

Fibula

A

Long slender bone (distal long bone)

57
Q

Crus

A

The area of the limb between the stifle and hock (lower leg)

58
Q

Tarsal Bones

A

Irregularly shaped bones found in the ankle area

59
Q

Tarsus / Hock (joint)

A

The area known as the ankle in people which includes the tarsals.
Tarsus = small animal (joint)
Hock = large animals (joint)

60
Q

Talus

A

One of the tarsal bones. Shorter medial bone located in the proximal row of tarsals

61
Q

Calcaneus (cal-kay.knee-us)

A

The long, lateral tarsal bone located in the proximal row of tarsal bones

62
Q

metacarpals

A

Front ankle part

63
Q

Metatarsals

A

Back ankle part

64
Q

Vertebral Formulas for species

A

Dogs and cats: C=7, T=13, L=7, S=3, Cy=6-23
Equine: C=7, T=18, L=6 (or L=5 in weird arabians) S=5, Cy=15-21
Bovine: C=7, T=13, L=6, S=5, Cy=18-20
Pigs: C=7, T=14-15, L=6-7, S=4, Cy=20-23
Sheep and goats: C=7, T=13, L=6-7, S=4, Cy=16-18
Chicken: C=14, T=7, LS=14, Cy=6 (lumbar and sacral are fused)

Veterinary Medical Terminology (72 decks)

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