Structures of the skeletal system Ch 3

Question 1

Bone

Answer 1

A form of connective tissue, is one of the hardest tissues in the body. The skeleton is made up of cartilage and fibrous membranes that harden into bone before birth.

Question 2

Ossification

Answer 2

Formation of the bone from fibrous tissue, continues until maturity, which varies with species.

Question 3

articular cartilage

Answer 3

specific type of cartilage that covers the joint surfaces of bone

Question 4

meniscus

Answer 4

A curved fibrous cartilage found in some joints that cushions forces applied to the joint (found in the canine stifle)

Question 5

Joints or articulations

Answer 5

Connections between the bones. Articulate means to join in a way that allows motion between the parts. Site of junction or union between bones.

Question 6

Synarthroses

Answer 6

Joint that allows no movement

Question 7

Amphiarthroses

Answer 7

Joint that allows slight movement

Question 8

Diarthroses

Answer 8

Joint that allows free movement

Question 9

suture

Answer 9

A jagged line where bones join and form a non movable joint

Question 10

Fontanelle

Answer 10

Soft spot remaining at the junction of structures that usually closes after birth

Question 11

Symphysis or cartilaginous joint

Answer 11

Joint where two bones join and are held firmly together so they function as one bone

Question 12

Arthr/o

Answer 12

Joint

Question 13

Mandibular Fusion

Answer 13

The halves of the mandilbe that fuse at the symphysis to form one bone

Question 14

Pubic Symphysis

Answer 14

The halves of the pelvic bone that fuse at the symphysis to form one bone

Question 15

Synovial Joints

Answer 15

A diathroses joint (Joint that allows free movement) that is a type of ball and socket joint

Question 16

Oste/o

Answer 16

bone

Question 17

Blasts

Answer 17

Immature

Question 18

Osteoblasts

Answer 18

Immature bone cells that produce bony tissue

Question 19

Osteoclasts

Answer 19

Phagocytic cells that eat away bony tissue from the medullary cavity of a long bone

Question 20

Clasts

Answer 20

break

Question 21

Osteocytes

Answer 21

Matured osteoblasts

Question 22

Hematopoietic

Answer 22

Red bone marrow, located in cancellous bone

Question 23

hemat/o

Answer 23

blood

Question 24

-poietic (suffux)

Answer 24

Pertaining to formation

Question 25

Medullary Cavity

Answer 25

Cavity of the long bone, or the inner space of bone, that contains yellow bone marrow

Question 26

What is yellow bone marrow composed of?

Answer 26

Mostly fat cells that serve as fat storage. (Replaces red bone marrow in adults)

Question 27

Cartilage

Answer 27

A form of connective tissue that is more elastic than bone

Question 28

Ball and socket joints

Answer 28

Joints that allow a wide range of motion in many directions, such as the hip and shoulder joints

Question 29

Arthrodial or Condyloid Joints

Answer 29

A type of ball and socket joint with oval projections that fit into a socket, such as the carpal joints (where the radius meets the carpus)

Question 30

Trochoid Joints (or pivot joints)

Answer 30

A type of ball and socket joint that include pulley-shaped joints like the connection between the atlas and the axis

Question 31

Hinge Joints

Answer 31

A type of ball and socket joint that allow motion in one plane or direction, such as the canine stifle and the elbow joints)

Question 32

Gliding Joints

Answer 32

Ball and socket joints that move and glide over each other, as in the radioulnar joint or the articulating process between successive vertebrae

Question 33

The Saddle Joint (found in primates)

Answer 33

A type of ball and socket joint located in the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb. (the saddle joint allows primates to flex, extend, abduct, adduct and circumduct and thumb

Question 34

Ligament

Answer 34

A band of fibrous connective tissue that connects one bone to another bone to help stabilize the joints

Question 35

Ligament/o (combining form)

Answer 35

Ligament

Question 36

Tendon

Answer 36

Band of fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone to help the animal move

Question 37

ten/o, tendin/o, tend/o

Answer 37

Tendon

Question 38

Bursa

Answer 38

A fibrous sac that acts as a cushioning to ease movement in areas of friction (example: within the shoulder joint is a bursa where the tendon passes over the bone)

Question 39

Burs/o

Answer 39

Bursa (bursea is the plural form)

Question 40

Synovial Membrane

Answer 40

The inner lining of the bursae and synovial joints (secretes synovial fluid to help joint movement)

Question 41

Synovial Fluid

Answer 41

Fluid secreted from the synovial membrane that acts as a lubricant to make joint movement smooth

Question 42

Synovi/o (combining form)

Answer 42

Synovial membrane and synovial fluid

Question 43

Clasts

Answer 43

Break