Function of Digestive systems Ch. 6 Flashcards
Digestive system
Alimentary system
Gastrointestinal system
GI system
all terms used to describe the body system that is a long, muscular tube beginning at the mouth and ending at the anus
aliment/o
the combining form for nourishment is aliment/o
oral cavity
contains the lips and cheeks, hard and soft palates, salivary glands, tongue, teeth, and periodentium.
or/o, stomat/o
combining forms that mean mouth
gnath/o
combining form for jaw. the maxilla and mandible are the bones that are the boundaries for the oral cavity
prognathia
an elongated mandible or a mandible that is overshot.
brachygnathia
a shortened mandible or a mandible that is undershot.
labia
medical term for lips
labium
term for a single lip
cheil/o, labi/o
the combining form for lips.
Bucc/o
the combining form for cheek. The cheeks form the walls within the oral cavity
buccal
means pertaining to or directed toward the cheek
palate
forms the roof of the mouth. the palate consists of two parts, the hard and soft pallates
Hard palate
forms the bony rostral portion of the palate that is covered with specialized mucous membrane.
Rugae
irregular folds in the mucous membrane
rug/o
combining form for wrinkle or fold.
Soft palate
Forms the flexible caudal portion of the palate. The soft palate is involved in closing off the nasal passage during swallowing so food does not move into the nostrils.
palat/o
combining form for palate
tongue
a movable muscular organ in the oral cavity used for tasting and processing food, grooming, and articulating sound.
Papillae
elevations in the dorsum of the tongue .
filiform
a term for threadlike
fungiform
a term for mushroom
vallate
a term for cup shaped
frenulum
a band of tissue that connects the tongue to the ventral surface of the oral cavity.
gloss/o, lingu/o
combining form for tongue
lingual surface
the side of the cheek adjacent to the tongue
dent/o, dent/i, odont/o
combining form for teeth
dentition
refers to teeth as a whole, that is, the teeth arranged in the maxillary (upper) and mandibular (lower) arcades.
Deciduous dentition
a term also known as the primary dentition, the temporary set of teeth that erupt in young animals and are replaced at or near maturity
decidu/o
combining form for shedding
permanent dentition
the set of teeth designed to last the lifetime of an animal.
retained deciduous tooth
a deciduous tooth that has not been shed and may have to be removed professionally.
Incisor
front tooth used for cutting; an incision is a cut; abbreviated I
Canine
long pointed bonelike tooth located between the incisors and premolars; also called fang and cuspid. Abbreviated C
premolar
cheek tooth found between the canine teeth and molars; also called bicuspids because they have two points. abbreviated P
molar
most caudally located permanent cheek tooth used for grinding; molar comes from the latin term to grind; abbreviated M
Dental formula
represents the type of tooth and the number of each tooth type found in the species of animal.
Enamel
the hard white substance covering the dentin of the crown of the tooth.
Cementum
the bonelike connective tissue that covers the root of the tooth.
Dentin
the connective tissue surrounding the tooth pulp.
Tooth pulp
consists of nerves, blood vessels, and loose connective tissue.
Apical foramen
the hole at the tip of the root where nerves and blood vessels enter the tooth
periodentia
the structures that support the teeth.
alveoli
sockets or saclike dilations that the teeth are situated in
alveolar bone
a thin layer of compact bone that forms the tooth socket. alveolar bone surrounds the roots and teeth.
periodontal ligament
the fibrous structure that holds the tooth in the alveolus
