Grouping things together Ch 2 Flashcards
Tissue
A group of specialized cells that is similar in the structure and function (4 types of tissue)
Histology
The study of structure, composition and function of tissue
Hist/o (combining form)
Tissue
Epithelial Tissue (epithelium)
Covers internal and external body surfaces and is made up of tightly packed cells in a variety of arrangements (divided into 2 types)
thel/o
nipple (in epithelial it means thin membrane)
Mesothelium
The cellular covering that forms the lining of serious membranes , such as peritoneum
Endothelium
The cellular covering that forms the lining of the internal organs, including the blood vessels
Meso
Middle
Connective Tissue
Adds support and structure to the body by holding the organs in place and binding body parts together (Examples: Bone, cartilage, dense connective tissue, loose connective tissue and blood)
Adipose Tissue
Fat, a form of connective tissue
Adip/o (combining form)
Fat
Muscle Tissue
A tissue type that contains cell material with the specialized ability to contract and relax (Three types - skeletal, smooth and cardiac)
Nervous Tissue
Tissue that contains cells with the specialized ability to react to stimuli and conduct electrical impulses
Plasia
Used to describe formation, development and growth in the number of cells in an organ or tissue
-Trophy (suffix)
The formation, development and growth in the size of an organ or a tissue or individual cells
Anaplasia
Change in the structure of cell and their orientation to each other
Aplasia
Lack of development of an organ or a tissue or a cell
Dysplasia
Abnormal growth or development of an organ or a tissue or a cell
Hyperplasia
Abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in an organ or a tissue
Hypoplasia
Incomplete or less than normal development of an organ or tissue or cell
Neoplasia
Any abnormal new growth of tissue in which multiplication of cells in uncontrolled, more rapid than normal, and progressive
Tumor
Distinct mass of tissues (formed from neoplasms)
Benign
Non recurring
Malignant
Tending to spread and be life threatening
-Oma
Tumor or neoplasm
Atrophy
Decrease in size or complete wasting of an organ or tissue or cell
Dystrophy
Defective growth in the size of an organ or tissue or cell
Hypertrophy
Increase in the size of an organ or tissue or cell
Neo
new
Glands
Groups of specialized cells that secrete material used elsewhere in the body
Aden/o (combining form)
glands
Exocrine glands
Group of cells that secrete their chemical substances into the ducts that lead out of the body or to another organ (Examples: sweat glands, sebaceous glands and the portion of the pancreas that secretes digestive chemicals)
Endocrine glands (ductless)
Groups of cells that secrete their chemical substances directly into the bloodstream, which transports them throughout the body (Examples: Thyroid gland, the pituitary gland and the portion of the pancreas that secretes insulin)
Organ
Part of the body that performs a special function or functions
Unilateral
Pertaining to one side
Bilaterial
Pertaining to two sides