Test Corrections Flashcards
Analyse the role of the first class lever system in affecting the rower’s performance?(3 marks)
In a first class lever system, the falcrum is in the middle whilst the load is on left and the effort is on the right. The load is the row which is in the water, the effort of the contracting deltoids pulls the load foward which results in the rower being projected foward. This affects his performace because the amount of force the traps and deltoids contract with will directly correlate to how much force the load is moved by and thus how far he will move. Over the race having a poor effort would make his strokes less effective. First class levers need a relatively small amount of effort to move relatively heavy loads through the water
Advantages and disadvantages of first class levers and second class levers?
Advantages: -stable,-strong, -increasing length of lever arm increases mechanical advantages
Disadvantages: slow, limited flexibility
Advantages and disadvantages of third class levers?
Advantages:-fast movement, long range of motion, increasing length of lever arm decreases the mechanical advantage
Disadvantages: the force applised must always exceed the load
What are long term effects of exercise on the respiratory system?
- increased alveloi
- increased vital capacity
Why is the HR and breathing rate increasing important for exercise?
- CO2 removal
- oxygen delivered to the working muscles(aerobic respiration)
- prevent oxygen dept and the build up of lactic acid
Examine antagonistic muscles in the hip?
At the ball and socket joint of the hip, the glteus maximus relaxes whilst the hip contracts. This causes flexion in the hip.
What PED is most likely to increase oxygen delivery to working muscles?
Erythropoietin
Three functions of the cardiovascular system?
Transport: -carries oxygen, CO2 REMOVAL, nutrients and lactic acid
Clotting: through platelets
Temperature regulation: vasodilation and vasoconstriction
What are strains?
Pull/tear of a muscle or tendon
What is a sprain?
Injury to a ligament
Function of gluteus maximus?
Adduct and extend leg at hips
Function of latissimus dorsi
Adduct and extend arm at shoulder
What does a warm up do?
Prevents injury
Prepares muscles
Prepares joints
Prepares cardiovasuclar system
Prepares mind
Prepares ligaments
What is a condolyoid jojnt?
Similar to a ball and socket but the ball rests at the end of the bone (instead of inside) allows some circular motion
What is ossification?
Process where a new bone is produced
Vo2 max definition
the maximum rate of oxygen consumption
What is oxygen dept?
The amount of oxygen needed at the end of activity to break down lactic acid
What is a mechanical advantage?
Allows a load to be moved with relatively small muscular effort
A lever with a mechanical disadvantage can move a small load quickly through a large range pf movement T of F
True
What is tidal volume?
Amount of air hat can moved in our out the lungs with each respiratory system(each breath)
What is vital capacity
the greatest volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after taking the deepest possible breath.
What are two social benefits of comepeting in sport?
- making new friends
- co-operation/teamwork
How is the social benefit of co-operation/teamwork achieved?
By working with other people (coaches and teammates) with a common goal to win
State two factors that affect optimum weight
- height
- muscle girth
Why are minerals important to a performer?
- calcium is required to keep bones strong increase bone density
- iron is linked with haemoglobin so more oxygen can be carried throughout the body
Zinc promotes healing and cell growth, improved immune system so athelte remains healthy
Why are SMART targets important?
Motivating
Apart from demonstration what are two examples of visual guidence?
- watching video footage of a prefessional
- watching video or yourself
