Test Corrections Flashcards
Analyse the role of the first class lever system in affecting the rower’s performance?(3 marks)
In a first class lever system, the falcrum is in the middle whilst the load is on left and the effort is on the right. The load is the row which is in the water, the effort of the contracting deltoids pulls the load foward which results in the rower being projected foward. This affects his performace because the amount of force the traps and deltoids contract with will directly correlate to how much force the load is moved by and thus how far he will move. Over the race having a poor effort would make his strokes less effective. First class levers need a relatively small amount of effort to move relatively heavy loads through the water
Advantages and disadvantages of first class levers and second class levers?
Advantages: -stable,-strong, -increasing length of lever arm increases mechanical advantages
Disadvantages: slow, limited flexibility
Advantages and disadvantages of third class levers?
Advantages:-fast movement, long range of motion, increasing length of lever arm decreases the mechanical advantage
Disadvantages: the force applised must always exceed the load
What are long term effects of exercise on the respiratory system?
- increased alveloi
- increased vital capacity
Why is the HR and breathing rate increasing important for exercise?
- CO2 removal
- oxygen delivered to the working muscles(aerobic respiration)
- prevent oxygen dept and the build up of lactic acid
Examine antagonistic muscles in the hip?
At the ball and socket joint of the hip, the glteus maximus relaxes whilst the hip contracts. This causes flexion in the hip.
What PED is most likely to increase oxygen delivery to working muscles?
Erythropoietin
Three functions of the cardiovascular system?
Transport: -carries oxygen, CO2 REMOVAL, nutrients and lactic acid
Clotting: through platelets
Temperature regulation: vasodilation and vasoconstriction
What are strains?
Pull/tear of a muscle or tendon
What is a sprain?
Injury to a ligament
Function of gluteus maximus?
Adduct and extend leg at hips
Function of latissimus dorsi
Adduct and extend arm at shoulder
What does a warm up do?
Prevents injury
Prepares muscles
Prepares joints
Prepares cardiovasuclar system
Prepares mind
Prepares ligaments
What is a condolyoid jojnt?
Similar to a ball and socket but the ball rests at the end of the bone (instead of inside) allows some circular motion
What is ossification?
Process where a new bone is produced
