Soc13:joints movements liagaments and tendons Flashcards
What are joints
A place where two or more bones meet,
- important for movement and rotation
- all of them allow movement the extend of the freedom and the movement VARIES from join to joint
What are the 4 types of joints
Pivot
Hinge
Ball and socket
Condyloid
What is the function of pivot joints?
Same examples:
They allow bones to rotate
- wrist
- neck
What is the function of a pivot joint?
Pivot joints allow bones to rotate
What is the function of a hinge joint?
A joint that only allows backwards and fowards motion(like a hinge of a door)
What are some examples of hinge joints?
Joint in the knee
Joint in the elbow
Joint in the ankle
What are some example of the ball and socket joints?
- hip joint
- shoulder joint
What is flexion?
Definition
Bending movement that decreases the angle between body parts.
What is extention
Definition
Straightening movements that increase the angle between body parts.
What is adduction?
Movement that pulls TOWARDS the midline of the body
What is abduction?
Movement that pulls AWAY from the mid line of the body
What is rotation?
Definition
Movement around a single axis or pivot point
What is circumduction?
Def
Moving in a circular or or conical shape
Felxion, abduction, extention and adduction
What is Dorsi-flextion?
Def
Bending or flexing toes UPWARDS, closer to the shin
What is plantar-flexion?
Def
Entending or pointing the toes DOWN from the shin
What are the Joints that provide flexion?
- shoulder
- hip
- elbow
- knee
What are the Joints that provide extention?
- shoulder
- hip
What are the joints that provide adduction?
- shoulder
- hip
What are some joints that provide abduction?
- shoulder
- hip
What are the joints that provide circumduction?
- shoulder
- hip
Whhere does dorsi-flexion occur?
Ankle
Where does plantar felxion occur?
Ankle
Pivot joint example
Atkas and axis at the top of the cervical vertebrae alows the head to move.
Hinge joint example
Elbow with ulna and humerus
Back and forth rotation
Ball and socket joint example?
The hip:a Ball sits inside a cup shape hole with cartalidge.
-alouds a range of movement
Condolyoid example
Wrist, enables some movements
What are ligaments?
Def
Esastic fibres that join one bone to another
Usually to hood things together and keep them stable. They keep your skeleton supported whilst allowing movement
What are tendons?
Def
Non-elastic fibres that attach muscle to bone
Tendons let you apply power and movement. Tendons grow in strength the more you use them.
What is the onotomic position?
When the skeleton is tandong up with its hands out to the side.
Classic skeleton image on Showbie
How does the hinge joint work in the knee?
In the knee joint, the tibia is hinged on the femur so the leg can be ben (flexion) or straightened(extension)
How does the hinge joint work in the elbow?
A hinge joint between the humerus and the ulna which enables us to bend(flextion) or straighten(extention) the arm.
(Bicep curls)
The muscle that flex the joint is on the front(bicep) and thr muscle that extends on thr back(triceps)
How does the hinge joint work on the ankle?
Enables us to bend the foot up(dorsi-flexion)
To point the toes down(plantar flexion)
What is a condyloid joint?(definition)
Similar to ball and socket but the ball rests at the end of a bone rather than inside the socket-allows circular motion
Example of condyloid joint?
Wrist
