Soc 11:Performance Enhancing Drugs (PED's) Flashcards
What are anabolic steroids?
Def
Benifits
Side effects
Example of athelete who would use them
Def:
Mimics male sex hormone testostrone it promotes muscle growth and bone growth.
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Benifits: increased strength(because of muscle and bone growth) while allowing the athelete to train harder an recover quicker
Increased recivery time
Side effects: -increased risk of injury
-increased risk of heart attack/strokes/high blood pressure even death.
-women could grow facil hair, even get deeper voices.
Example: having bigger and stronger muscles will be better for a scrum in rugby.
What are Beta blockers?
Def
Benifits
Side effects
Example of athelete who would use them
Def:Drugs used to control the heart rate-having a cooling and relaxing effect
Benifits: target sports where precision and steadiness are required-reduced heart rate
Side effects: -feel sick,-tiredness, depression, nightmares and nausea
Example of an athlete who would take them: golf where it requires composure to hit important shots. Especcially from a closer range.
What are Narcotics and Analgesics
Def
Benifits
Side effects
Example of athelete who would use them
Narcotics: drugs that effect mood or behavior, including drowsiness and relieving pain.
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Benifits: they act by depressing the centeral nervous system and give pain relief from painful injuries but allowing the injured player to take part, however they can increase the risk of severe or long-lasting injury
Side effects: loss of coordination,
loss of balance
, loss of concentration,
emotional side effects.(including hallucinations)
Examples: heroin, methadone
An Athelete who would use them: Narcotics: an athelete who wants to play in a big tournament e.g the world cup.
What are diuretics
Def
Benifits
Side effects
Example of athelete who would use them
Def: drugs that elevate the rate lf urine production(get rid of water in your system)
Benifits: can help preformers who need to lose weight
Can also be used to reduce the concentration of any other banned substances that may be present in thr urine
Side effects: dehydration which can cause: , dizziness, muscle cramps, headaches, nausea
Long term effects such as kidney problems
Athelete that would use this: boxers for a weigh in.
What are peptide hormones?
Def
Benifits
Side effects
Example of athelete who would use them
Def: increase the rate of maturation of red blood cells. (Increase number of red blood cells)
Benifits-increase muscle growth,
- assist in recovery from injury and heavy sessions
- all of the body carries extra oxygen and desperses of waste, products and lactic acid.
Side effects:blood becomes thicker which makesnit difficult to pass through small capillaries (increase risk of heart attack or stroke)
Athelete that would use: rugby player to gain more muscle and recover quicker from heavy sessions.
What are growth hormones?
Def
Benifits
Side effects
Example of athelete who would use them
Def:Used to increase muscular develpment(very similar to steriods)
Benifits: increased muscle growth (strength and size)-not as many side effect as steroids
Side effects: minimal
-can be detected in blood tests but not in urine.
Athelete: a young football player who is not growing properly(Messi)
What are stimulants?
Def Benifits Side effects Examples: Example of athelete who would use them
Def: drugs that have an effect on the centeral nervous system such as/or physical aletness
Benifits: increased alertness(ppl enabled to think more by stimulating nervous system.)
Using this drug helps:
- overcome tiredness
- reduce(offset) the effect of lactic acid on the muscles.
Examples:
- amphetamines
- ephedrine
- cocaine
- nicotine
- caffeine
Side effects:
- insumonia(can’t sleep)
- irregular/increased heart beat
- high blood pressure
- addiction
Athelete example: at a tournament where you need to be alert for a while or a long event that could otherwise make you tired(maradona world cup)
What is blood doping
A banned PROCESS not a bannned drug
Boosting the number of red blood cells in the blood stream in order to improve your performance
(red blood cells carry oxygen to your muscles) having more can improve your aerobic capacity-increase endurance)
(High alititude icreases red bllod cells as there is less oxygen in the air-atheletes borm/raised at high altitudes have a disinct advantage in events such as the 10000m)
(Blood taken from their body, and the red blood cells are frozen. The body’s system recovers. When the competition, the blood cells are unfrozen and put back in the athlete’s bloodstream).
Eythropoietin is what type lf preformance enhacing drug
Peptide hormone
