Test 44 - Created Aug 10 Flashcards
normal puberty sequence
breast development ages 8-12, pubic hair, then menses 2-2.5 yrs later; get concerned if menses don’t start by 15 yo
presentation of paroxysmal SVT
intermittent episodes of abrupt-onset palpitations and a sensation of a racing heartbeat; ECG shows narrow-coomplex tachycardia w/ regular R-R intervals
underlying pathology with PSVT
reentrant circuit
conductive hearing loss: Rinne versus Weber results
R: BC > AC in bad ear
W: goes to bad ear
sensorineural hearing loss: Rinne versus Weber results
R: AC > BC in both ears
W: goes to good ear
best next step once sudden sensorineural hearing loss is diagnosed
evaluation by ENT with a formal audiogram, MRI, and corticosteroids
presentation of septic arthritis in neonates and infants
irritable, poor feeding, aversion to being held, may not have fever; PE shows hip flexed, abducted, externally rotated to avoid pressure; labs show elevated WBCs, ESR, CRP
presentation of cutaneous cryptococcosis
papules with central umbilication that resemble molluscum except they have a small area of central hemorrhage or necrosis
how to diagnose cutaneous cryptococcosis
lesion biopsy
next step in pt with obstructing ureterolithiasis + infection + AKI + severe pain
percutaneous nephrostomy or ureteral stent placement
hypoglycemia is defined as as a plasma glucose level of
< 60 mg/dL
red flag features of low back pain and next step if present
fever, wt loss, age > 50, IVDU, immune suppression, recent bacterial inf., nocturnal pain, h/o malignancy; imaging! (xray unless neuro sxs present or need to look for abscess/O.M.)
PCOS pt wanting to pursue pregnancy
- wt loss
- letrozole (aromatase inhibitor)
- gonadotropins
- in vitro fert.
presentation of acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
fever/chills, hemoglobinuria, flank pain, discomfort at infusion site
tx of acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
stop transfusion; give IVF
