TAXONOMY OF MICROORGANISMS Flashcards
define and describe its scope of study
taxonomy
trace the natural origin and history of microbes
evolution
compare the system that represent the tree of life
classification
- instroduced the formal system of taxonomy
- laid down the basic rules for classification
- established taxonomic categories (taxa)
Carl von Linne
- swiss botanist
- proposed the bacteria and fungi be placed in the plant kingdom
carl von nageli
proposed the kingdom protista, to include bacteria, protozoa, algae and fungi
ernst haeckel
- french biologist
- introduced prokaryote to distinguish bacteria
edouard chatton
- canadian bacteriologist
- proposed the kingdom prokaryote
robert g.e. murray
- 1700s
- 2 kingdoms
- plant and animal
charles darwin and ernst haeckel
- 1800s
- 3 kingdoms
- plant, animal, bacteria
ernst haeckel
-1950s to 1990s
- 5 kingdoms
- plant, animal, protista, fungi, monera
robert whittaker
- present time
- 6 kingdoms
- eubacteria, archaebacteria, protista, animal, plant, fungi
carl woese and george fox
orderly arrangement of organisms into hierarchy of taxa
classification
discovering and recording the traits of organisms
identification
assigning scientific names to various taxonomic categories and individual organisms
nomenclature
true or false: all methods rely on the degree of difference among organisms
false - degree of RELATEDNESS
scheme that represents the natural relatedness between groups of living beings
phylogeny
___ relatioships refine the system of taxonomy
phylogenic
superkingdom / empire
domain
constiutes a group of related division / phyla
kingdom
division; made up of related classes
phyla
consist of similar orders
class
constitutes a group of similar families
order
made up of related genus
family
consists of related species
genera
group of closely related organisms that breed among themselves
species
enumerate the taxonomic hierarchy (bigger group to smaller)
DKPCOFGS
(doon kay phyla’s coffee oorder frappe sa green square)
- domain
- kingdom
- phyla
- class
- order
- family
- genera
- species
2 kingdom system
- plantae
- animalia
3 kingdom system
- bacteria
- archaea
- eukarya
5 kingdom system
- monera
- protista
- fungi
- plantae
- animalia
6 kingdom system
- eubacteria
- archaebacteria
- protista
- fungi
- plantae
- animalia
in the 3 domain system, fungi, plantae, animalia, and protists belong in what system?
eukarya
in the 3 system domain, bacteria and archaea are mainly ___
prokaryotes
formula for binomial system of nomeclature
generic name + specific epithet
true or false: the first letter of generic name is in uppercase while the specific epithet begins with a lowercase letter
true
the binomial scientific name should be ___ or ___
italicized or underlined
true or false: the specific epithet can be abbreviated provided that it has already been used previously
false: only the generic name can be abbreviated
when nomeclature uses english or french words, what should you do?
it should be revised to latin or greek
what abbreviation if used to designate a single species?
sp
what abbreviation is used for more than one species?
spp.
