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MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY > ECTOPARASITIC DISEASES > Flashcards

ECTOPARASITIC DISEASES Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

a contagious ectoparasitic skin infection that is characterized by superficial burrows and intense itching

A

scabies

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2
Q

scabies is also called ___

A

sarcoptic mange or the itch

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3
Q

causative agent of scabies

A

sarcoptes scabiei

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4
Q

incubation period of scabies

A

4-6 weeks

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5
Q

mode of transmission of scabies

A
  • contact
  • sharing clothing, bedding, or towels
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6
Q

SS:

  • pruritus
  • burrows
  • scratch marks
  • burning sensation
A

scabies

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7
Q

how is the female scabies parasite seen at a burrow?

A

tiny pearl like bump underneath the skin

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8
Q

burrows look like?

A

winding, raised, gray lines along the skin

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9
Q

true or false: pruritus is worse after a hot shower and at night

A

true

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10
Q

common locations of burrows

A
  • between fingers
  • wrists
  • elbows
  • armpits
    around nipples
  • genitalia of men
  • waist
  • lower buttocks
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11
Q

severe form of scabies, lesions are extensive and may spread all over the body; wart-like appearance

A

crusted scabies

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12
Q

complication of scabies

A

impetigo

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13
Q

diagnosis of scabies

A
  • PE
  • microscopy
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14
Q

treatment for scabies

A
  • permethrin 5%
  • malathion
  • lindane lotion
  • 10% sulfur ointment
  • neem oil
  • tea tree oil
  • ivermectin
  • chlorpheniramine
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15
Q

infestation of lice

A

pediculosis

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16
Q

causative agents of pediculosis

A
  • pediculus humanus capitis
  • pediculus humanus corporis
  • phthirus pubis
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17
Q

mode of transmission of pediculosis

A
  • contact
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18
Q

pediculosis SS:

  • intense itching
  • excoriation
  • matted, foul smelling, lusterless hair
  • occipital and cervical lymphadenopathy
A

pediculosis capitis

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19
Q

pediculosis SS:

  • small red papules
  • dry, discolored, thickly encrusted, scaly skin
  • severe: headache, fever, malaise
A

pediculosis corporis

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20
Q

pediculosis SS:

  • skin irritation from scratching
  • maculae caeruleae on the thighs or upper body
A

pediculosis pubis

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21
Q

diagnosis of pediculosis capitis

A

PE - oval-grayish nits that cant be shaken loose

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22
Q

true or false: the closer the nits are to the shaft, the newer the infection has been present

A

false - LONGER

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23
Q

diagnosis of pediculosis corporis

A

PE - skin lesions with nits on clothing

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24
Q

diagnosis of pediculosis pubis

A

PE - nits attached to pubic hair

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25
Q

treatment for pediculosis capitis

A
  • permethrin cream
  • fine-tooth comb
  • washing hair
26
Q

treatment for pediculosis corporis

A
  • bathing
  • wash clothes with hot water
  • 10% lindane powder on clothes
27
Q

treatment for pediculosis pubis

A
  • topical pediculocide
  • 0.5% malathion, permethrin, lindane
  • clean clothes and bedsheets
28
Q

parasitic disease that typically causes a mild flu-like illness or no illness at all

A

toxoplasmosis

29
Q

causative agent of toxoplasmosis

A

toxoplasma gondii

30
Q

mode of transmission of toxoplasmosis

A
  • eating raw meat
  • unpasteurized milk
  • contaminated water
31
Q

SS:

  • body aches
  • swollen lymph nodes
  • headache
  • fatigue
  • fever
  • sore throat
  • maculopapular and hemorrhagic eruptions
A

toxoplasmosis

32
Q

true or false: toxoplasmosis causes stillbirth or miscarriage

A

true

33
Q

SS of toxoplasmosis in babies

A
  • hearing loss
  • mental retardation
  • serious eye infections
34
Q

SS:

  • chorioentinitis
  • intracranial calcifications
  • hydrocephalus
A

congenital toxoplasmosis

35
Q

gold standard test for toxoplasmosis

A

DT 29

36
Q

other diagnostic test for toxoplasmosis

A
  • sabin-feldman
  • indirect fluorescent
  • indirect hemagglutination
  • latex agglutination
  • ELISA
  • amniocentesis and UTZ
37
Q

treatment for toxoplasmosis

A
  • sulfonamides and pyrimethamine
  • spiramycin - for pregnant
38
Q

beaver fever in humans is a diarrheal infection of the SI; most common intestinal parasite

A

giardasis

39
Q

causative agent of giardasis

A

giardia lamblia

40
Q

reservoir host of giardia lablia

A

beavers

41
Q

incubation period of giardasis

A

7-10 days

42
Q

giardiasis usually improves after ___ days

A

2-6

43
Q

giardiasis symptoms may last ___ weeks

A

2-6

44
Q

SS:

  • diarrhea
  • abdominal cramps and bloating
  • nausea and vomiting
  • fatigue
  • low-grade fever
  • weight loss and dehydration
A

giardiasis

45
Q

complications of giardiasis

A
  • dehydration
  • failure to thrive
  • lactose intolerance
46
Q

diagnosis of giardiasis

A
  • stool exam
  • string test
47
Q

treatment for giardiasis

A
  • metronidazole
  • tinidazole
  • albendazole
  • quinacrine
  • furazolidone
48
Q
  • chronic diarrhea
  • infection of the intestine, liver, or other tissue
  • intestinal targets: cecum, appendix, colon, and rectum
A

amebiasis

49
Q

amebiasis is also called

A

amebic dysentery

50
Q

amebiasis leaves erosive ___ as it penetrates deeper layer of mucosa

A

erosive ulcerations

51
Q

extraintestinal amebiasis common target is the ___

A

liver

52
Q

amebiasis in the liver is also called

A

amoebic hepatitis

53
Q

causative agent of amebiasis

A

Entamoeba histolytica

54
Q

true or false: e. histolica can live in the colon without causing disease

A

true

55
Q

mode of transmission of amebiasis

A
  • contaminated food
  • directly inoculating trophozites in colon
  • fecal-oral
56
Q

amebiasis SS:

  • sudden high temp
  • chills
  • profuse, bloody and mucoid diarrhea with tenesmus
  • abdominal cramps
A

acute amebiasis

57
Q

amebiasis SS:

  • mild fever
  • intermittent diarrhea
  • vague abdominal cramps
  • possible weight loss
  • cecum tenderness
A

chronic amebiasis

58
Q

complications of amebiasis

A
  • ameboma
  • intestinal stricture
  • hemorrhage
  • brain or liver abscess
59
Q

diagnostic test for amebiasis

A
  • stool exam
  • ELISA
  • PCR
60
Q

treatment for amebiasis

A
  • metronidazole
  • lodoquinol
  • diloxanide
  • paromomycin
  • IV therapy
  • NO antidiarrheal meds

MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY (18 decks)

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