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MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY > ECTOPARASITIC DISEASES > Flashcards

ECTOPARASITIC DISEASES Flashcards

1
Q

a contagious ectoparasitic skin infection that is characterized by superficial burrows and intense itching

A

scabies

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2
Q

scabies is also called ___

A

sarcoptic mange or the itch

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3
Q

causative agent of scabies

A

sarcoptes scabiei

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4
Q

incubation period of scabies

A

4-6 weeks

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5
Q

mode of transmission of scabies

A
  • contact
  • sharing clothing, bedding, or towels
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6
Q

SS:

  • pruritus
  • burrows
  • scratch marks
  • burning sensation
A

scabies

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7
Q

how is the female scabies parasite seen at a burrow?

A

tiny pearl like bump underneath the skin

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8
Q

burrows look like?

A

winding, raised, gray lines along the skin

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9
Q

true or false: pruritus is worse after a hot shower and at night

A

true

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10
Q

common locations of burrows

A
  • between fingers
  • wrists
  • elbows
  • armpits
    around nipples
  • genitalia of men
  • waist
  • lower buttocks
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11
Q

severe form of scabies, lesions are extensive and may spread all over the body; wart-like appearance

A

crusted scabies

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12
Q

complication of scabies

A

impetigo

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13
Q

diagnosis of scabies

A
  • PE
  • microscopy
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14
Q

treatment for scabies

A
  • permethrin 5%
  • malathion
  • lindane lotion
  • 10% sulfur ointment
  • neem oil
  • tea tree oil
  • ivermectin
  • chlorpheniramine
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15
Q

infestation of lice

A

pediculosis

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16
Q

causative agents of pediculosis

A
  • pediculus humanus capitis
  • pediculus humanus corporis
  • phthirus pubis
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17
Q

mode of transmission of pediculosis

A
  • contact
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18
Q

pediculosis SS:

  • intense itching
  • excoriation
  • matted, foul smelling, lusterless hair
  • occipital and cervical lymphadenopathy
A

pediculosis capitis

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19
Q

pediculosis SS:

  • small red papules
  • dry, discolored, thickly encrusted, scaly skin
  • severe: headache, fever, malaise
A

pediculosis corporis

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20
Q

pediculosis SS:

  • skin irritation from scratching
  • maculae caeruleae on the thighs or upper body
A

pediculosis pubis

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21
Q

diagnosis of pediculosis capitis

A

PE - oval-grayish nits that cant be shaken loose

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22
Q

true or false: the closer the nits are to the shaft, the newer the infection has been present

A

false - LONGER

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23
Q

diagnosis of pediculosis corporis

A

PE - skin lesions with nits on clothing

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24
Q

diagnosis of pediculosis pubis

A

PE - nits attached to pubic hair

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25
treatment for pediculosis capitis
- permethrin cream - fine-tooth comb - washing hair
26
treatment for pediculosis corporis
- bathing - wash clothes with hot water - 10% lindane powder on clothes
27
treatment for pediculosis pubis
- topical pediculocide - 0.5% malathion, permethrin, lindane - clean clothes and bedsheets
28
parasitic disease that typically causes a mild flu-like illness or no illness at all
toxoplasmosis
29
causative agent of toxoplasmosis
toxoplasma gondii
30
mode of transmission of toxoplasmosis
- eating raw meat - unpasteurized milk - contaminated water
31
SS: - body aches - swollen lymph nodes - headache - fatigue - fever - sore throat - maculopapular and hemorrhagic eruptions
toxoplasmosis
32
true or false: toxoplasmosis causes stillbirth or miscarriage
true
33
SS of toxoplasmosis in babies
- hearing loss - mental retardation - serious eye infections
34
SS: - chorioentinitis - intracranial calcifications - hydrocephalus
congenital toxoplasmosis
35
gold standard test for toxoplasmosis
DT 29
36
other diagnostic test for toxoplasmosis
- sabin-feldman - indirect fluorescent - indirect hemagglutination - latex agglutination - ELISA - amniocentesis and UTZ
37
treatment for toxoplasmosis
- sulfonamides and pyrimethamine - spiramycin - for pregnant
38
beaver fever in humans is a diarrheal infection of the SI; most common intestinal parasite
giardasis
39
causative agent of giardasis
giardia lamblia
40
reservoir host of giardia lablia
beavers
41
incubation period of giardasis
7-10 days
42
giardiasis usually improves after ___ days
2-6
43
giardiasis symptoms may last ___ weeks
2-6
44
SS: - diarrhea - abdominal cramps and bloating - nausea and vomiting - fatigue - low-grade fever - weight loss and dehydration
giardiasis
45
complications of giardiasis
- dehydration - failure to thrive - lactose intolerance
46
diagnosis of giardiasis
- stool exam - string test
47
treatment for giardiasis
- metronidazole - tinidazole - albendazole - quinacrine - furazolidone
48
- chronic diarrhea - infection of the intestine, liver, or other tissue - intestinal targets: cecum, appendix, colon, and rectum
amebiasis
49
amebiasis is also called
amebic dysentery
50
amebiasis leaves erosive ___ as it penetrates deeper layer of mucosa
erosive ulcerations
51
extraintestinal amebiasis common target is the ___
liver
52
amebiasis in the liver is also called
amoebic hepatitis
53
causative agent of amebiasis
Entamoeba histolytica
54
true or false: e. histolica can live in the colon without causing disease
true
55
mode of transmission of amebiasis
- contaminated food - directly inoculating trophozites in colon - fecal-oral
56
amebiasis SS: - sudden high temp - chills - profuse, bloody and mucoid diarrhea with tenesmus - abdominal cramps
acute amebiasis
57
amebiasis SS: - mild fever - intermittent diarrhea - vague abdominal cramps - possible weight loss - cecum tenderness
chronic amebiasis
58
complications of amebiasis
- ameboma - intestinal stricture - hemorrhage - brain or liver abscess
59
diagnostic test for amebiasis
- stool exam - ELISA - PCR
60
treatment for amebiasis
- metronidazole - lodoquinol - diloxanide - paromomycin - IV therapy - NO antidiarrheal meds

MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY (18 decks)

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