LYMPHATIC / IMMUNE DISEASES

Question 1

• acute viral infection resulting to leukocytosis and glandular enlargement
• common among teenagers and young adults, especially college students

Answer 1

infectious mononucleosis

Question 2

other names for infectious mononucleosis

Answer 2

• mono
• kissing disease
• glandular fever

Question 3

causative agent of infectious mononucleosis

Answer 3

epstein-barr virus

Question 4

mode of transmission of infectious mononucleosis

Answer 4

contact (kissing, fomites)

Question 5

SS:

• fever
• pharyngitis
• lymphadenopathy

Answer 5

infectious mononucleosis

Question 6

complications of infectious mononucleosis

Answer 6

• splenomegaly
• hepatomegaly
• thrombocytopenia

Question 7

diagnostic test for infectious mononucleosis

Answer 7

• P.A. clinical triad
• WBC differential
• heterophile agglutination test

Question 8

treatment for infectious mononucleosis

Answer 8

• bed rest
• saline gargle
• paracetamol
• nsaids
• steroids

Question 9

an acquired immune deficiency syndrome

Answer 9

HIV / AIDS

Question 10

etiology agent of AIDS

Answer 10

human immunodeficiency virus

Question 11

true or false: HIV / AIDS already has a cure

Answer 11

false

Question 12

mode of transmission of AIDS

Answer 12

contact (sex, parenteral)

Question 13

SS:

• fever
• night sweats
• weight loss
• fatigue
• lymphadenopathy

Answer 13

AIDS

Question 14

complications of AIDS

Answer 14

• opportunistic infections
• Pneumocystis pneumonia
• pulmonary TB
• candidiasis
• C. diff diarrhea
• AIDS demetia complex
• kaposi’s sarcoma
• burkitt’s lymphoma

Question 15

diagnostic test for AIDS

Answer 15

rapid antibody test

Question 16

window period of nucleic acid test for AIDS

Answer 16

10-33 days

Question 17

window period of antigen/body LAB test for AIDS

Answer 17

18-45 days

Question 18

window period of RAPID antigen/body test for AIDS

Answer 18

18-90 days

Question 19

window period of antibody test for AIDS

Answer 19

23-90 days

Question 20

what is the indication that your HIV infection has become AIDS?

Answer 20

CD4 T-cell count is below 200

Question 21

treatment for AIDS

Answer 21

• HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy)
• trizivir
• abacavir + lamivudine + zidovudine

Question 22

acute, self-limiting, contagious, viral infection affecting the nasopharynx of the upper respiratory tract

Answer 22

common colds

Question 23

other names for common colds

Answer 23

• viral rhinitis
• coryza
• nasopharyngitis

Question 24

• an acute viral respiratory illness
• characterized by fever, malaise, cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis
• pathognomonic enanthem (koplik spots)
• followed by a maculopapular rash

Answer 24

measles

Question 25

in measles, patients are considered to be contagious from ___ days before to ___ days after the rash appears

Answer 25

4, 4

Question 26

causative agent of measles

Answer 26

morbillivirus

Question 27

true or false: measles is usually not really contagious

Answer 27

false - it is one of the MOST contagious of all infectious diseases

Question 28

mode of transmission of measles

Answer 28

- direct contact - droplets - airborne

Question 29

measles virus can remain infectious in the air for up to ___ hours

Answer 29

2

Question 30

treatment for measles

Answer 30

none, only supportive care

Question 31

management for severe measles

Answer 31

vitamin A for severe cases in children

Question 32

units of vit A for infants younger than 6 months

Answer 32

50,000 IU

Question 33

units of vit A for infants 6-11 months

Answer 33

100,000 IU

Question 34

units of vit A for children 12 months and older

Answer 34

200,000 IU

Question 35

commonly known as chicken pox

Answer 35

varicella

Question 36

causative agent of varicella

Answer 36

varicella-zoster virus

Question 37

complications of varicella

Answer 37

bacterial infection of the skin and soft tissues

Question 38

reactivation of latent infection of varicella causes what?

Answer 38

herpes zoster (shingles)

Question 39

incubation period if variclla

Answer 39

14-16 days

Question 40

it takes ___ days after exposure to the virus for someone to develop varicella

Answer 40

10-21 days

Question 41

mode of transmission of varicella

Answer 41

- contact - inhalation of aerosols - respiratory secretions

Question 42

true or false: vaccinated people against varicella are not able to develop lesions

Answer 42

false - they may still develop lesions that do not crust. these people are considered contagious

Question 43

SS: - mild prodrome of fever - malaise 1-2 days before rash onset - macular to papular to vesicular lesions before crusting, in children

Answer 43

varicella

Question 44

four types of dengue virus

Answer 44

dengue virus 1, 2, 3, 4

Question 45

SS: - fever - eye pain (typically behind the eyes) - muscle, joint, or bone pain - nausea - vomiting - rash

Answer 45

dengue

Question 46

symptoms to dengue usually begin within ___ after being bitten by an infected mosquito

Answer 46

2 weeks

Question 47

mode of transmission of dengue

Answer 47

bite of Aedes mosquito

Question 48

treatment for dengue

Answer 48

none, only supportive care - rest - acetaminophen - plenty of fluids - IV hydration - platelet transfusion

Question 49

- serious disease caused by a parasite that infects a certain type of mosquito - can be deadly if not diagnosed and treated quickly

Answer 49

malaria

Question 50

SS: - fever and flu-like illness - chills - headache, muscle ache, tiredness - nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Answer 50

malaria

Question 51

complications of malaria

Answer 51

- kidney failure - seizures - mental confusion

Question 52

causative agent of malaria

Answer 52

Anopheles mosquitoes transmit malaria

Question 53

true or false: mosquitoes carrying malaria usually leave during the day

Answer 53

false - they are more active during late evening and at night

Question 54

treatment for malaria

Answer 54

- chloroquine phosphate - artemisinin-based combination therapies